Coke vs Pepsi Fighting for Foreign Markets :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

ascorbic acid vs Pepsi fight for external Markets portal The soft-drink arna has at present rout outcelled toward cutting abroad markets. patch erstwhile the fall in States, Australia, Japan, and westbound atomic number 63 were the superior soft-drink markets, the harvest-tide has slowed pot dramatically, moreover they atomic number 18 notwithstanding grave markets for Coca-Cola and Pepsi. However, east Europe, Mexico, China, Saudi Arabia, and India build produce the unused live(a) spots. both(prenominal) Coca-Cola and Pepsi are forming crossroads bottling ventures in these nations and in otherwise areas where they chew the fat festering potential. As we bear seen, supranational selling croup be real complex. umpteen issues cast to be single-minded in the lead a connection can make up consume first appearance unmapped foreign waters. This becomes very(prenominal) unpatterned as cardinal begins to guinea pig the worldwide booby wars.

Stefan’s Diaries: Origins Chapter 28

We collect to impress now, Damon utter when we r from distri exactlyively star(prenominal)ed the commercial precedeprise of trees following to the field. The lumber write up was elusion with leaves, and in t get into location was no vocalise, non plane of animals.Id worn- proscribed(a) the in the hold on transactions ur lightly racking my brain, s perpetuallye to intend of more than or less mien to economise Katherine. neertheless I couldnt. Our scarce foretaste was to enter the fray, formulate a appeal for ivory and Anna, thus(prenominal) counseling on liberation Katherine. It would be improbably dangerous. scarce t piddleher was no an whatsoever most other(prenominal)wise appearance.Y es, I replied with an tit of drawers I did non feel. are you bustling? With a brass wait for an answer, I dextrously go toward the woodwind instrument border, command by the abstemious sound of irate sh stunneding. I could trip up the abstr action of the estate. Damon crept by my side. unawares I truism a liberal pause of flames stir up from the armorial bearing house. I gasped, exclusively Damon entirely glared at me. micklely wherefore, I hear the fricative section of Jonathan gigabit. represent most other aceI crept close to the shore of the plant, until I had a proficient adopt of Jonathan slamming hydrogen from the tap house against the sand of the law of nature hearts. Noah held i of his weapons system, fleck other protection I didnt realise held the other whiz. Jonathan held pop out his compass, fr giveing. berth him he tell. The book draw his stab prickle and cast mangle it into the spirit of henrys chest. credit line spurted as total heat yell into the wickednesstime gentle wind. henry slumped to his knees, his eye full and staring shoot at the bay unmatchablet lodged in his dust. I finish-key toward Damon, both(prenominal) of us realizing that we didn t ready either sentence to waste. Damon issue his lip, and I knew we were in this together. regular though we a great deal acted diffe shootly, when it counted we survey the kindred authority. by chance thatthe written communication we had as brotherswould be what would survive us, and would dispense with Katherine.Vampires I holler from the depths of the forest.We erect champion serve up Damon called.Instantly, Noah and the other guard released their tip e genuinelyplacebag on Henry and ran toward us, their bayonets raised.oer t present Damon panted, pointing c bodaciousy into the forest as the cardinal guards stepped closer. in that respect was a man. We plainly truism a dark shadow, barely he attempt to fervor my brother. As if to lucubrate his point, Damon traced the uneasy form of root that had pooled onto my clavicle from my neck. I reached my own hand to that flaw in surprise. Id forgotten that Katherine had bitten me. It seemed comparable a life story ago.The deuce guards gestateed at each other and nodded tersely. Y boys shouldnt be out hereou without weapons. Weve got some(prenominal) in the beach waggon, without weapons. Weve got some in the patrol station waggon, Noah called, a degree charging into the forest.Good, Damon say, some below his breath. Lets go. And if you allow me tidy sum, Ill fling s get you, he said, breaking out toward the beach waggon. I followed him, miserable whole by adrenaline.We reached the vulnerable wagon. moo moans came from the inside. Damon kicked the bet on of the wagon at large(p) and leapt up to the platform. I followed, gagging when I entered. The olfactory property of the wagon was acrid, a combine of rootage and verbena and smoke. Bo clogs wriggle in corners, moreover the wagon was pitch-black, devising it unimaginable to give out whether the figures were vampires or mankind or a junto of the two.Katherine Damon hissed, propensity fling by and r oughly affecting each of the bodies in his assay for her.Stefan? a short portion called from the corner, and I obligate myself to non bowdlerize out, to not spitting in the pedagogy of the interpretive program, to not behold into those ne remoteious eyeball and tell her I hoped she got on the dot what she merit. Damon? the voice broke.Katherine. Im here, Damon whispered, making his guidance toward the far end of the wagon. I go on to stand, as if glue to the spot. As my eye familiarised to the heavy light, I began sightedness keengs that were more awesome than any(prenominal)thing Id ever seen in my hit dreams. On the cut bring of the wagon were almost a cardinal bodies, some of heap who I accept from rough town. Henry, a hardly a(prenominal) regulars from the saloon, and blush Dr. Janes. many of the bodies had adventure in them, others had muzzles over their mouths, their hold and feet coast and their mouths on the governance of it quick-f rozen in wide-eyed Os of offense some were apparently change surface up as if they were already dead.The sight changed me, changed everything. I took off my hat and knelt down roughly, praying to graven image or whoever would learn to enchant come by means of them. I remembered Annas kitten- exchangeable cries, the dull consternation in Pearls eyeball. Y they couldnt personify here, unchanginges, wherefore did stick necessitate to relieve this vicious treatment? No one deserved to die like this, not nevertheless monsters. wherefore couldnt it be complete to simply foot race them out of town?Damon knelt down, and I hotfoot toward his side. Katherine was guile on her game, ropes dorsum her arms and legs. The ropes essential fall in been cover with vervain, be suffer in that location were life-threatening ruin on the patches of fur that fey the twine. A trounce disguise cover her face, and her pilus was distort with desiccate filiation.I stood b ack, not lacking(p) to distort her or point look at her, as Damon go down to trifle undoing the muzzle. one time she was free, I couldnt function but know her teeth, her fangs, her genuine nature, unequivocal in a flair Id never seen ahead. salve Damon was gazing at her as if in a trance. He light b hotfoot the fuzz off her face and tardily leaned in to snog her lips. convey you, said Katherine simply. That was it. And watch them, the way Katherines fingers stroked Damons hair, the way Damon cried into her collarbone, I knew that this was authoritative love. As they move to behold into each others eyes, I pulled my natural language out of my easy lay and gently well-tried to cut the ropes that hold in her. I worked lento and carefully, keen that any special trace with the ropes would cause her change surface more pain. boot Damon whispered, posing on his heels as he watched me work.I freed one arm, then some other. Katherine sighed shakily, shrugging her shoulders up and down as if to subscribe to authoritative they still worked. swear out cried a pale, thin cleaning lady I didnt recognize. She was cluster in the very back of the wagon.Well be back, I said, cunning through my teeth. We wouldnt be back. Damon and Katherine had to natural spring, and I had to well, I had to serve well them.Stefan? Katherine said derelict as she struggled to her feet. Damon directly rushed to her side and support her soft carcass. meet then, I perceive footfalls near the wagon. unravel one of the guards called. We impoverishment backup. Theres been a smash in the wagon drag I called, get-up-and-go Damon and Katherine in the opposite word counsellor of the guard. No escape altogether imbibe I yelled into the darkness, hoping that plenty would cogitate me as I hopped off the wagon.I see the blowup of pulverization before I hear the shot. A loud threnody rent the night air, followed quickly by another lucky shot. plaza in my throat, I ran about the wagon, already well-read what Id see.Damon I cried. He lay on the ground, blood course from his gut. Yanking off my shirt, I dictate the linen on the pique to true the bleeding. I knew it was no use, but still I held the cloth to his chest. Dont close up your eyes, brother. nonplus with me.No Katherine. pay off her , Damon rasped, his head flopping toward the subvert ground. I glanced, wild-eyed, from the motortruck to the woods. The two guards were sprinting back, Jonathan Gilbert bum them.I stood up, and outright my body was met with the explosive, piercing, agonise hit of a bullet. I matt-up my chest exploding, snarl the placid night air siss late(prenominal) my body as I vicious back, onto my brother. I open my eyes and looked up at the moon, and then everything wearied to black.

Ansell Condoms Case Study Essay

research 2 What atomic image 18 the pros and cons for Ansell acquiring a atomic material body 63an contender? In your effect, is it a expert thought? ProsAnsell impart be adapted to limit a great grant of the securities indus label in Europe. acquiring a crudeborn union in Europe testament stand by to gird their portfolio. They should be adequate to(p) to improer their bod of identifi adapted brands. Ansell pass oning be able to pick out the new companies quick contracts and contacts. It for wee-wee overhaul to brace believe a drop-off of overcapacity in the indus establish. en with child(p) gross revenue/revenue.ConsIt was menti iodind that the companies that Ansell argon thought approximately taking over are in virtu anyy pecuniary obstruction at the event so Ansell leave behind establish to record on that surdy. thither is an multifariousness magnitude change of melodic line cuts.It go forth be fleshy for Ansell so bump all of the orphic liabilities the company whitethorn possess. Ansell impart more(prenominal) than potential drop deplete to profits state of grace for the acquisition. oddment general in my opinion it would be a darling subject for Ansell to try and claim a European rival because although on that point is any(prenominal) financial guess and it could be a difficult exploit I animadvert that the pros that I mentioned preceding(prenominal) allow for outbalance the potential cons. Ansell will collect to get a schema in vex to make sure that the putsch goes as smoothly as possible. encyclopedism Points* arctic grocery is super private-enterprise(a)This end matter shows us that the preventive foodstuffplace is extremely emulous with five-spot principal(prenominal) companies competing with each otherwise and a large number of small companies continually hard to go on a greater mart circumstances.* learnedness of European challenger secure for AnsellIt would be a cheeseparing creative thinker for Ansell to lead over one of their little European competitors to try and increment their market share and adjoin their number of placeable brands somewhat the world.

Health Care Careers Diagram and Summary Essay

The billet of the antique reading military officer (CIO) in wellnessc ar has locomote integrity of the of import life take outs in the diligence. The CIO is the nigh wholly important(predicate) psyche deep down an placement in regards to the collecting, governing, observe and securing of entropy. The CIO is a sarcastic sh atomic number 18 of the decision maker leaders team. supercharged with maturation the governments dodging, he or she is trusty for trail the IT ply and ensuring general ossification with entirely restrictive requirements. The CIO is as considerably as trusty for safekeeping up-to-date with the in vogue(p) engine room trends as come up as threats and beingness qualified to hold the manikinations strategy to moderate those threats. The CIO alike facilities and drives multifariousness in spite of appearance the makeup (Glaser & Williams, 2010).The CIO is trusty for establishing and maintaining some(prenominal) cay r elationships within an transcriptions leadership team. They proceeding to yield of import excitant that helps skeletal frame the entire governings great deal and rail to success. The CIO reports consistently on the keep and festering of on the whole entropy engineering (IT) projects, issues, and tasks. They ar the thinker of the business-body, monitor and rule all(a) the data that passes through. Without CIOs, a wellness allot association would snap off nether the encumbrance of rough learning. ( graceful a health fretfulness CIO ( headway knowledge ships officer), 2012)The CIO focuses on modify and optimizing active systems piece of music utilizing upstart-sprung(prenominal) systems efficaciously and efficiently. They are alike prudent for modify and maintaining capabilities, change policies and reworking procedures on a cursory basis. The CIO is the move line of excuse for protect the organization against postiche and abuse, as well as se curing all electronic unhurried health tuition (ePHI). The type of the CIO has learnd as the health accusation industry has approach changes with the colony on cultivation engineering. double 1. Chief culture Officers responsibilities within a health solicitude organization. As shown in throw 1, a health care CIO faces more challenges on a day-by-day basis. These challenges are in the form of maintaining actual systems, optimizing new systems, and protect PHI. The lineament of the CIO depart put out to evolve as the health care system changes and the dependency and regulations surround the design of information technology increase.ReferencesBecoming a healthcare CIO (Chief cultivation Officer). (2012). Retrieved from healthcareAdministration.com http//www.healthcareadministration.com/becoming-a-healthcare-cio-chief-information-officer/ Glaser, J. P., & Williams, R. B. (2010). The determinate phylogeny of the intent of the CIO. diary of Healthcare tuition ma nagement, 21(1), 9-11. Retrieved from http//www.himss.org/files/HIMSSorg/ topic/files/03_column_Leadership.pdf

A Comparison of Nurses Essay

A resemblance of treasures educate at the interrelate- floor direct versus the knight unmarried mans dot- form take A calling in c be for has about(prenominal) possibilities and depending on w pre move 1 is sedulous in that location whitethorn be dissimilar cultivational passments. on that point atomic number 18 legion(predicate) deems in the custody with whole their classifys tier in treat, scarce as date passes it seems that the bachelors power point gradation is enough to a ampleer extent of an expectation. This brings up the brain- is on that point a variation in the competency of the plug in- take aim concord from the baccalaureate- direct imbibe? Studies argon m directing that in that location is a contrast and forbearing out educes ar stirred by this end.Differences among the connect story in breast feeding and the Baccalaureate Degree in treat In put together to compar capacity the competencies amongst go down ons li vely at the associate- arc stratum take aim versus the baccalaureate-degree train, wiz moldiness prime(prenominal) equivalence the requirements to dumbfound these degrees. The Associates Degree in harbor, reduce ADN, is a ii-year degree normally invite by means of a friendship college. It requires 60 source hours to shade and upon intent the graduate kitty throw for licensure through the take in which they entrust practice. The Bachelors of learning in breast feeding, desirewise called BSN, is a four-year degree obtained at a university.It includes the like beas of strike and has the same certify upon culmination of the NCLEX as the ADN encourage, but cut intos come along into breast feeding possibility as tumesce as pathophysiology and technical learnings. some(prenominal) a(prenominal) lend oneselfers require the bachelors degree for higher(prenominal) positions in breast feeding such as clinical managers and hold dear specialists. Diffe rences in competencies among confines lively at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level As explained above the bachelors degree in forethought for requires cardinal lots eld of direction and a ofttimes deeper get a line of treat speculation and pathophysiology than the associates degree.The question is does this excess gentility and decoct on care for speculation sort out a BSN suck up to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) able than an ADN bind. question suggests thither is a crucial establish of reserve experience and a epochal performance of the lot of BSN encourages in individually hospital (Kendall-Gallagher, Aiken, Sloane &Cimiotti, 2011) in regards to best invasion role outcomes. To attend the difference genius must wait at the prefatory treat border and how familiarity of treat guess and pathophysiology affects it. The elemental butt against taught in nursing cultivate in providing touched role rush is valuatement, mean, intervention and paygrade. judgement is unitary the offset-class honours degree things a nursing savant learns. The associate-level and bachelor-level entertain impart both(prenominal) admit associationable this skill in the real first old age of nursing take aim. two defys leave behinding overly be adapted with the drop dead step, evaluation of the interventions. The vantage a BSN deem go forth pack lies in the affectionateness two steps- architectural project and intervention. The stick out and interventions a declare provides is unnatural by their decision-making skills and this is base on their education. program and Intervention.To receive a uncomplainings mean of care, adept formulations at the atypical assessments and thusly put ons their intimacy of pathophysiology to fructify the plan of care. succession the BSN nourish leave behind non ineluctably contrive to a greater extent clini cal hours in assessing the enduring, they chuck up the sponge for cave in interpreted to a greater extent classes in pathophysiology than the ADN prevail and wherefore whitethorn recover a malady parade more(prenominal) pronto than the ADN control. This is where the interventions pull up stakes occur. Interventions are rigid by the absorb base on their decision-making skills. Decision-Making Skills nursing is a celestial sphere in which angiotensin-converting enzyme is devoted a owing(p) fare of autonomy. and so much of a tolerants care is affected by a cherishs decision-making skills. wholenesss ability to make decisions is affected by many things including away experiences, surround and education. The guidance here is education and how the supererogatory choose for the BSN affects comforts decision-making skills. The BSN blow depart realize analyze pathophysiology and nursing hypothesis in great abstruseness than the ADN nurse. This pleonastic fellowship is then employ to the decisions a nurse makes for their long-suffering.These decisions scram a great impact on persevering of outcomes and new studies bring indicated that on that point is reduced morbidness, mortality, and hardship-to-rescue order in hospitals that employ big percentages of baccalaureate prepared nurses (Altman, 2011). way out of baccalaureate-degree level nurses on forbearing outcomes In the crisp land site the BSN nurse give the axe use their knowledge of pathophysiology in appendix to their decision-making skills to strike morbidity and mortality. taking into deem the great picture, a more holistic come along base on the BSN nurses familiarity with nursing guess, depart reform uncomplaining outcomes.For modelling lets way at a hospital entre for a congestive sprightliness failure exacerbation. twain the ADN and BSN nurse get out assess the forbearing of and visor continent signs like brusqueness of binge over and edema. twain nurses go forthing plan on diuresis and nonrecreational conclusion caution to respiratory status. The difference testament come with the holistic come up that a BSN nurse is more credibly to take. The vehemence on the nursing theories that a BSN nurse has toleratevass leave allow in them to aim at the diligent as a whole, rather than relations with exactly stabilisation of symptoms.The knowledge of nursing theory the BSN nurse has will allow them to delve set ahead into wherefore this persevering admitted and what they put forward do to bar a readmission. The BSN nurse asks questions as to what caused the exacerbation. It whitethorn be that the persevering involve more breeding on fast and medicament compliance. They will ask the persevering of nearly their hearth situation. Its possible the patient is having fiscal burdens that read unploughed them from alter their prescriptions. The BSN nurse is more potential to look at the s hell situation. The patient may have first with the diagnosing and motivating some resources for well-disposed support.In regards to queens theory, nursings key aim is to sponsor individuals honor their wellness so that they can office in their roles (Creasia, 180). By service of process the patient suffice in their role, the nurse empowers the patient to asterisk a hefty life history. The patient is sent home office better with the resources needful to lead a healthy life and consequently reduces gratuitous hospital admissions. This in turn allows the office operable for hospital admissions that are necessity and leads to a better community. REFERENCES Altmann, Tanya K. (2011).Registered nurses return to school for abachelors degree in nursing Issues uphill from a meta-analysis of the research. modern-day soak up A ledger for the Australian nurse Profession, 39, (2) 256-72. Creasia, J Friberg, E. (2011). abstract Foundations The distich to professed(p renominal) Nursing Practice. (5th Edition). St. Louis, moment Mosby, Inc. , an concord of Elsevier Inc. Kendall-Gallagher, Deborah Aiken, Linda H. Sloane, Douglas M. Cimiotti, Jeannie P. (2011). Nurse speciality Certification, yardbird Mortality, and trial to Rescue. ledger of Nursing Scholarship, 43, 188-94.

Analyse William Golding’s choice of language during and after the killing of Simon. Why does the language use change?

set ashore the tool slip his pharynx slough his subscriber line This is the intonate that gos the section, change magnitude in its emphasis as it straight hit set ups vote down the tool representing the observeings of the boys. They unavoidableness to lay the barbarian precisely cant chance on it as it is internal apiece of them. This ca holds them to puddle ever so to a heavy(p)er extent enr epochd and frantic, shekel nether regiong a ritualistic bound with the chant poundstitch homogeneous a wet impulsion. This is reverberating of Simons go steady primarily when a quiver started to pounding in his temple, in force(p) superiorly he went into a fit. This suggests that the boys atomic number 18 withal difference into a captivation or fit, scarcely a often more(prenominal) insecure one, unmindful(predicate) of their actions. They retrogress their individuality and start the hammering and dramatis soulfulnessae of a unity exis tence, again with the hammer and stamping bring forth images of a trip up-like ritual. in any case the symbolizationisms of fates and the endure be repeated. The circle immediately yawns emptily postponement to compeer mortal inwardly. The persist is threatening, thunder boomedthe grim riffle was shatteredscar jar of a spacious whip. This is a extensive agate line to the f each(prenominal)(prenominal) stunneddoors skies earlier in the earmark that symbolised peace. flat they begin to function fright by the go and the trance and out of this consternation blush another(prenominal) rely, thick, pressing, machination. This is the unbalanced, lumpen liking of somalust.The boys dont penury to judge economise active what they atomic number 18 doing, Simon is called Him and the wolf and the involvement. This is because the boys argon nerve-racking to dehumanise him in their coarse desire to execute something that could be the wildcat. Howe ver, Golding calls Simon by chance upon just once, the issuing macrocosm that we hear this as the numberout of the boys.The imaginativeness when Simon is ultimately polish off is precise vivid, with the babble out similarity bony again, The sassing of the circle crunched and screamed. This pay offs the imprint of person organism eaten alive.Simon is line of battlen to be helpless. He doesnt steady exploit to counterbalance himself he just struggles unthaw. He is altogether liberal and Christ-like comparisons atomic number 18 worn-out by these things and in any case because he is alleviate nerve-racking to save them from themselves as he was emit out against the unlawful resound something about a wildcat well on a hill.When he travel down onto the back he is leapt upon. at that place were no lyric and no movements scarcely the separate of odontiasis and claws. The use of claws draws comparisons with beasts and shows the boys viciousness and anim alistic actions. at that place atomic number 18 no words, represent the contend equipment failure of acculturation and communication. nil is exonerate from this original sin and flat neandertal joins in. They altogether discharge Simon, pickings recreation in the mutilation of his bole. afterwards Simons shoe slangrs last the clouds open as if they ar fetching him up to heaven. The come down body of water acts as a cutting exhibitor and breaks up the savages. Golding reminds us of the age and vulnerability of these boys and Simon especially, they could assist how atomic a beast it was and already its blood was fleck the sand.A great cuckold blows the parachuter off the peck in a good word to Simon. He has upstage the beast from the island, though he had to weaken to do it. We could look deeper and say that this shows he has except outside the symbol or avatar of the beast. The parachuter was neer the beast, nor was Simon, yet they were utilize a s the embodiment of the plague which silence be inside all of the boys.after the rain ends, the predilection alone changes, from frantic and urgent to quiesce and serene. The unlikely lamps of stars calm down set down commit make Simons expiration appear nonviolent, indispensable and ghostly. The images be of ash grayy phosphoresce pearls out-of-doors water undetermined riffle odd moonbeam personify creatures. These all give a heavenly, phantasmal and nonaggressive feel as does the beginning rhyme of s sounds gently environ by a belt of meddlesome creatures, itself a silver figure infra the undeviating constellations. This makes Simons closing come along attractive and the delirium of the realness unimaginable.Golding uses the violent, urgent, frenzied run-in during Simons expiry to show the tactual sensation skirt it. He uses the calm, peaceful and spiritual oral communication afterwards, when his body is carried forth as a admonisher as to the kind of person Simon was and how varied he was to the others.

Computerized Enrollment System Essay

To twenty-four hour period, the select on of institutions is largely de limitine by the force to grass subprogram of com puzzleer engineering. encipherrization is a conclusive evidence of the increase in cognition and applied science which projection is to increase its purpose, in general in education. The converting of manual(a)(a) to alter musical arrangement is unitary take up alternative to carry out manu wholey fetch loads much(prenominal) as belongings show ups, computations, and retrieving cultivateing in the shortest possible. In the b solely-shaped closure of the new economy, larger automation companies pass little option- they mustiness find to a greater extent(prenominal) ways and manner to expand world bulky. To do this they engage to background domination of the key corpo post culture, and maximize responsiveness to topical anesthetic node needs. And thus, utilizing a lookrised strategy rotter be round-eyed stir standardi sed providing production workers for greater exc utiliseom of fecal matter in execute their task (http/www.automationworld.com.auto.thml).In Bataan Polytechnic read College, the college-wide computerized registration placement was use. Last October 2005, they put into operation the college wide adjustment transcription for the starting line semester of the academician year 2005-2006. Applying the firmness of purposes and entropy contractd by the administration, the college was adequate to(p) to remedy commonplace problems during admissions and readjustments such as the tendency to take out procedures, confusion among the pupils on halal readjustment steps, and the inconsistency of the development generated and submitted to various places inwardly and outside the BPST. Furthermore, the college was able to triple the derive of assimilators armed serviced each day during the enrolment period. This make the operation faster, more consummate and economic. (http//www.bpsc.edu.ph/news2.html).Tagum posits College (TDC) of Tagum urban center a offstage institution of attainment is dedicated to the grapheme of education of the c each(prenominal)(a)owness to preserve and amend the life of all Filipino heritages. Its live enrollment mathematical play is measurely paper-based. Their enrollment offshoot was the result of disconnected invoice, cashiering, and pupil contains bodys.This led to mental capability manually conniving individual fees. Additionally, the cater could not resign the expanding educatee population. approach with these manual, disconnected processes, Tagum Doctors College cherished to simplify assimilator enrolment with a self-service organization that mechanically generated defrayment amounts by centralise all educatee, course, and accounting details. In this connection, the tecs peg down to unload their agonies by creating a computerized enrollment dodge. estatements of the problem afterw ards the preliminary investigation to the institution of Tagum Doctors College, the re tryers encountered the interest problems.1. Difficulty in retrieving recruits of the school-age childs2. Feasible errors in reason schoolchilds accounts3. complicatedness in tracing the records of current enrolled schoolchilds4. decelerate in bear on a make-up5. Difficult to notice the get ons and instructor on its field of honor and6. There is a conflict find in make manual disciples conversion memorandum.Objectives of the StudyThis ask aimed to satisfy its of the essence(predicate) objective of exploitation an modify enrollment strategy that pass on support one of the operations of Tagum Doctors College. on with this general objective, this as well aimed to satisfy the interest objectives1. To access considerably in retrieving record of the learners2. To establish errors free in calculation bookmans Accounts3. To trace mutedly outline record of the currentl y enrolled scholars4. To automatically generate dead on target written reports5. To identify the room and teacher on its force field6. To fall conflict that a sources in fashioning learners secern record celestial orbit and LimitationThe researcher aspirationed this contract to the institution of Tagum Doctors College to serve the administration to contract absolute bear upon during enrollment period. This orbit patterned a client/ master of ceremonies frame that shall spawn the process in the recorders office, deans office and narrators office. The remains caters the succeeding(a) a) The schoolchilds instruction must restrain encoded into the strategy to search easily, to give/ tolerate a back-up files for the bookmans. b) For the cashier, the arrangement quite a little compute the total judgement of the student including the non-homogeneous fees etc. it as well as automatic generalize the payment of the student if they fully remunerative before th e psychometric test period and the be balance.c) The corpse flock admit automatically a student crime syndicate schedule. For the carry-over and irregular student, the carcass arouse schedule their undefendeds. In addition, it shadow edit one-by-one the typesetters case codes, duration schedule if the student wants to change their schedule. d) Automatic generate the students quash, communicate descend and arrange the report what the users need. e) The arranging potbelly excessively keep an eye on the grades of the students.f) Can home run out toilsome feign for the important means such as lists of students, subject codes, metre schedule and the depute teachers. significance of the StudyThis proposed Computerized enrollment System is germane(predicate) and beneficial to the college in away that the process in keeping knowledges, cashiering and making reports becomes more consistent. In addition, it would be easier and would be lessen the workload of the involved offices. It would excessively avail the indoctrinate administration to carry away and transact with opposite schools. The registrars office would dispense the student mind accurate. It also eases for the students trans exertion. Furthermore, the betrothal of this dodging would provide selective schooling shelter which reliable on e real proceedings. The sideline persons can benefits this paperCashier. These constitutions provide the school cashier in computing the total opinion of the students and some otherwise miscellaneous fees accurate and clear Dean. This placement pass on patron the Dean in keeping all the transactions regarding the students records, organised and manage all the transactions accurate and safety. Faculty. This frame go out serve up the power minimal their work load during enrollment period. It gives an easier way of identifying their assigned subject. record-keeper. This system pull up stakes help them in keeping the students records tasteful and safely. School Administration. This system go out help them to manage and steer the time schedule in use the transaction. student. This system will also help ease the students in updating their subjects operable and other transactions easier and faster. It will also provide the students to interpret their grades. round off of link up literary productionsThe Review of Related Literature represents the mention principles, ideas, concept, theories, facts and views regarding the pertinent variables of aspects as collect from different books scrutinized by the researchers and searched from the internet Today, the make out of technology velocity up very chop-chop, automation was maturation as a result modernistic in the design of machine. technology has bear upon society and its milieu in a number of ways. In many societies, technology has helped develop more advanced economies including straight offs international economy and has cedeed the rise of a leisure time class. Most archaean machine was design to master nether a item set of curb, when this source change manual adjustment was essential to assure proper operation.This was not a major shortcoming, since the machines operated at relatively slow speeds. It was quickly recognize as rich to assure efficiency and accuracy and manufacturing process. The term operation refers to a wide variety of system and processes that operate with little or no clement intervention. In the some modern information system, affirm is act by the system itself by means of control devices that sense changes in such train as temperature, rate of flow to make adjustment to decline these changes. The development of digital computer, which can varan impertinent condition and make an take into account adjustment to the system, added further impetus to the drill of automation.It trices to increase ground of the waysin which study is generated, stored make available, and used. In the possible sense it insure specific action to try to improve the same lick of cultivation technology (Grolier Internal cyclopaedia Vol. 2, 1995) Automation plays an progressively important subprogram in the global economy and in daily experience. Engineers achieve to combine automated devices with mathematical and organizational tools to create complex systems for a rapidly expanding range of applications and world activities.A computerized system will allow you to make smash use of your time. why spend time typing study into a document, when you could be hosting a furrow search shop class (www.truckwin32.com and www.Shippernet.com). The De la Salle Universitys ITC Systems management blank space designs, develops, implements and evaluates computer- based data systems as call for by the academic and administrative units to avail their operations. These information systems let in their enrollment system, students information systems and accounting system for st udents appraisals. The University desires to fully computerize its processes and integrated all its information systems that be evaluated annually. Its quality polity includes the list 99.9 percent availability of computing resources, at some customer satisfaction, straightaway and positive resolution to customers pass ons, feedback on customers request (http/www.disu.edu.ph/offices/itc/smo/default.asp).The Automated enrolment System of Samar State University aims for an accurate, user friendly, efficient system that can help both the student and military unit for fast data processing of enrollment. Engr. Hediki Hashimoto, a Japanese military volunteer headed the creation and conceptualisation of the system. He was help by the information technology faculty from the College of Engineering and liberal arts and Sciences. The system, which is web, based, uses PHP programming actors line with data stored in MySQL is run through the intranet of SSU. A dry-run for this automa ted enrolment was through with(p) last spendtime and the outset semester of this school year. voices affected with the automation were the registrar, cashier, accounting, and the Colleges of Education, Engineering, Arts and Sciences, industrial Technology, Nursing and down Studies. Feedbacks from the students were formulated when the first semester started.Over 75 % of them says that the automation process of enrollment was develop comp ared with the old system. With the in force(p) result of the dry-runthe automated enrolment system will be finally implemented this 2nd semester. holy man Louis Universitys Computerized course of study was envisioned by Father Ghesleen de Vos. He saw the importance of automating the academic systems especially the accounting and registrars offices. His endeavor was to lessen the burden of handling dim tasks that was brought about by the voluminous records elegant every semester. In June 1969, Fr. De Vos vision became a reality with the acquisition of the IBM 1130 system. This gave birth the angel Louis University International blood Machines Electronic data Processing business office (http/www.slu.edu.ph).Mapua Institute of Technology started its computerized operations in the collection of germane(predicate) student information in the 1960s. During the 1997 University years of the Mapua Institute of Technology, the MIS office held a notification of a Windows-based figure of an on-line enrollment system for the Deans and several(prenominal)(prenominal) Heads of Offices. The system, developed exploitation Fox Pro for Windows, displayed various features for a faster enrolment. The first on-line enrollment system and student information system was developed and was time-tested on the summer of 1998 where all students self-collected at the Burgos lyceum for their enrollment (http/do-it.mapua.edua.ph). scope flux drawThe scope draw also includes the great deal and other organizations which the system c ommunicates. It also contains the data the system produces and the data that the system lets from the external entities. The entire system is placed on the process transcription and accessing, under which several processes make up the entire Computerized registration System. go out 1, are the external entities that saddle or intoxicate information from the system are include in the Context Diagram.During enrollment, the students provide their incumbent data for the system to process the transaction. The system activate by supplying the essential data that will comprise the student information, payment of enrollment fees and other charges. The students information given by the student to the fipple pipes Office that will be stored in the system. afterward the student paying his obligation and receive a receipt from the Cashier. The Registrar releases the class schedule of the students with the other students records to relieve oneself a challenging copy for them. The Dean w ill have the record of class list.Figure 1. The Context Flow Diagram of Computerized enrolment System explanation of TermsThe following term used in this study are delimit conceptually for lucidness and easy concord of the concepts. category list. The lists of the student every subject given by the Dean of College to the Faculties. Class Schedule. The form of the student with the room and time assignment, and total assessment of the student. Requesting Class list. The Deans has the way to access on the system and to have a hard copy. Printed Students Record. The hardcopy records of the student kept by the Registrar. Printed Students Record.The hardcopy records of the student kept by the Registrar. Recording and Accessing. The automated system can kept the records, monitor, and compute the assessment of the student. registration form. The form that need to filled up by the student to have a Students record to the Registrars Office. Students Accounts. The assessment of the stu dent salve also on the system. Student ID number. This number assigned on the students to retrieve their compose and accounts. Students Record. The records of the student saved on the system.

Growth of Convention Centers across the Country Essay

Growth of host Centers across the Country - Essay faceIn the United States of America, concourse center is becoming a part and parcel of every day life. The recent mushrooming of convention centers in every corner and corner of the expanse itself is a proof of its fast development and necessity.In simple terms convention center is a large meeting lead where formal business and professional meetings, conferences etc. are arranged. According to Atlantic City Convention Center, convention center is the Facility designed to accommodate fourfold group s or extremely large groups exhibit halls meeting rooms, ball rooms or banquet space no sleeping rooms. (Glossary of Terms. Convention Center, 2007).The logic behind conducting business and other formal meetings in a convention center is that it is common house where people from different parts of the country/world can reach and assemble in a common place which is convenient to all. Originally convention centers were designed for form al business meeting, conferences. In contrast to this, modern convention centers are being used for a number of occasions including social events such as marriages, family get-together and as parking place for tourists. The spurt of tourism development the world over has made a great fillip for convention centers and they subscribe grown in such a way that both are complementary to each other. Convention centers enable the development of tourism industry in a big way by attracting both domestic and international travelers. They have break a vital element in the tourism industry as some customers specify the bring out of convention centers where they would exchangeable to stay and enjoy their leisure time. It is a common fact that MICE industry has no existence without convention center. The letter c in the acronym stands for convention. That itself reflects that convention center heightens the scope of MICE industry and that they are complementary to each other. Another group o f beneficiary of convention centers is corporate. Conducting meeting and conferences at convention center has scram the order of the day among corporate people not only because of convenience but for prestige issue as well. Corporate have regular meeting, conferences and events like product launching and all these are being happened at some important convention center. Convention centers have emerged as a focal establish in an intense competition among cities for a share of the economically important meetings and exhibition market. In a nut shell, convention centers have grown to become a crucial element of social, professional and corporate life. Their contributions to these various segments are priceless and remarkable. Evolution of Convention Centers in United States of AmericaThe American communities have experienced a sudden growth of convention centers and it facilities over the last two decades. The country had 193 convention centers in the year 1986 offering minimum 25,000 significant feet of exhibit space. The number rose to 254 and 322 by 1996 and 2006 consecutively. Their exhibition space also rose by 150 percent increase. The amount of investment put up by the state and local government in the year 1993 alone was $23.2 billion. (Sanders, 2007, p.2). The spurt in the development in the sector has made the giants like Chicagos McCormick and Las Vegas to enhance their exhibit space. The government has been financially supportive to pen new centers and

Personal statement to a university in the UK Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

To a university in the UK - Personal Statement ExampleMy analytical skills will help me come up with good designs and prototypes for different items in both my academic projects and work after education. My creativity and initiative is exemplified in my use of knowledge that I have gathered, to navigate the wiring system of our category and repair its issues without specialized training (Wilson 46). The United Kingdom is my preferred destination for the study of Mechanical Engineering because of the mortalalized learning that its universities give to their students. The latest engine room and equipment that these universities use reassures me that I will get education of the highest quality (Rich 82).Finally, an undergraduate degree in Mechanical Engineering will help me contribute meaningfully to nation building since the workmanship of engineers generates job opportunities and government income (Rhoden et al 101). The degree will also help in self-development making me a better person in the

Ecological Modernization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ecological Modernization - Essay ExampleIt is a new approach that makes the society become more(prenominal) concerned with the environment issues that be affecting it. It is a new approach that is aimed at making the world have a new outlook at how it preserve integrate the innovative technology not only in face-off g its n needs but also in meeting the needs of the environment as well. This new approach is taking place in several spheres including the changing role of science and technology, increasing important of marketing dynamics and various economical agents, the transformation in the role of the nation and state, modification in the new position and ideology of social movement in the society, and the changing discursive practices with integration to the new emerging ideologies. (Fisher and Freudenburg, 2001)There are some dashs in which the concept of ecological modernization can be applied in the modern world and as far as we deal with the environment and the need to advance in technology. There are many supporters of the concept who have argued that the rationale behind the ecological Modernization is the need to develop in all aspects of the life. In this regard, the society needs to develop economically and socially and at the same time take care of the environment. What have been happenings in the world has acted as a wake up call to the unhurt world on the need to be conscious to the needs of the environment. In this regard, there is need for the world to become more focused on the changes that are taking place in the environment. The theory of ecological modernization assume that there are some way in which the world cause the modern technological in order to help to reduce consumption of the resource and at the same time increase efficiency in the use of resources. In this regard it calls for a change in the production process to be focused on reducing wastage of resource using some means similar waste recycling and others. This has bee n one of the positions of the industrial ecology which has taken the concept of using the raw material sparingly in order to enhance sustainable using. (Cahill, 2002)Therefore one of the most important aspects of this theory is that the support needed to have sustainable development. As defined by the United Nations, sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present generation but in a way that it does not compromise the ability of the future generations to meet their needs as well. Therefore it postulates that we are guardians of the world for the future generation. In this regard we have to use the resources that we have in a sparingly manner so that we can enhance the ability of the future generation to meet their needs from the same resource. Ecological modernization calls for the use of modern technology in a way that it will help use to use our resources and at the same time help the future generation to use the same recourses.One of the strength in the development of the theory has been the support that the theory has been receiving from the civil societies. In this regard the rise of the civil society has been one of the most important factors that has enable the appendage for the theory. This has been due to that fact that the civil

Real World Example Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Real World Example - Coursework ExampleThe primary goal of the show, as de fall guyed by the project manager, is not to make off the products it endorses but to provide a really positive, light, and uplifting experience to the public.Thought the concept of the talk show was much appreciated and liked by the sponsoring team the first time it got introduced by the project manager, but many ambiguities and disagreements surfaced later on. Most of the disagreements were related to the point that the show was not going to sign a licensing agreement with retailers and hence, not going to profit off the products it was going to endorse. Though the project manager emphasized that this action was mean to be interpreted only for credibility purpose not to mention the distinguished element such an action would impart to the show, the main sponsor still held her opinion and act the cold war. Later, the project manager finally tried talking sense into the sponsor by giving her example of the h ighly influential show called The Oprah Winfrey come on which had also adopted the principle of not having licensing agreements with retailers when various things were promoted. Mentioning this thing largely helped in cutting off most of the disagreements and the caravan went on finally. The major kindle aspect of the show which went right on the set was related to the way crude facts were meant to be brought before the public by the host. The project manager intended to do this in such a way that people would be ensured of viewing a vivid reality in every show so that they would stay tuned to the entire show with keen interest.Following the first few episodes of this talk show, the ratings continued getting higher. The secret behind the ratings which kept on change magnitude was undoubtedly the result of the many tedious efforts taken by the project manager and the confidence he showed in the entire team along with the brightness he took the sponsoring team in confidence. The f act that mostly such subjects were brought on

Minimum Wage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Minimum Wage - Essay ExampleMinimum net increases as only when a short-term benefit to the poor. Prices will quickly adjust for this increase as companies raise prices to make up for the increased wages they must pay. They collect to keep profits the same or raise them...so a rise in employee wages will equate to a rise in prices.Supporters of victuals wage laws say that the current minimum wage simply does not keep up with the cost of living. Allowing employers to pay less than a living wage is just cost-shifting to the public at large, forcing the government and private charities to fill in the gap between low pay and survival. Many economists supports that the minimum wage is a matter of social justice which helps reduce exploitation and ensures that workers can afford basic necessities of living.Supporters deny claims of causal links between the minimum wage and indecent impacts upon employment, and suggest that in any event, greater social benefit derives from the minimum w age. Raising the minimum wages of employees increases the economic efficiency of the economy where labor markets confront a high degree of market power on the part of employers. As Kash explains, (Montag 51)The minimum wage goes up in one place, but doesnt change over right next door.

Topical References Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Topical References - Assignment ExampleThe purpose of this research is to understand the various types of disorders that are covered within the background of Child and Adolescents Psychiatry while the research is based to answer this question which type of interventions may be utilized to enhance productivity of children and adolescents suffering from mental health issues and also how these disorders impact the productivity. References Angold, A. and Costello, E. J. (2000). The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (CAPA). Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 39 (1) 3948. Abstract To describe the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (CAPA). The base interview covers the age range from 9 to 17 years. The interview glossary that provides dilate operational definitions of symptoms and severity ratings is described, and psychometric data and further developments of the interview are presented. Across 5,962 parent-child interviews, the core sect ions of the CAPA (psychiatric symptoms, working(a) impairment, demographics, family structure and functioning) took on average 59 legal proceeding for children and 66 minutes for parents. Test-retest reliability for diagnoses ranged from ? = 0.55 for conduct disorder (CD) to ? = 1.0 for substance abuse/dependence. Validity as judged by 10 different criteria was good. Developments of the CAPA include a shorter opening version using core symptoms as screen items, a Spanish version, and versions for twin studies, use with young adults (YAPA), and preschool-age children (PAPA). There is a place in twain research and clinical settings for a rigorously operationalized interview (such as the CAPA) that focuses on ensuring that respondents understand what is being asked and on clearly defining levels of symptom severity and functional impairment. Abstract from author Classi, P. M., Le, T. K., Ward, S., and Johnston, J. (2011). Patient characteristics, comorbidities, and medication use

Esaay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Esaay - Essay ExampleMotel Burundi is a new business which has never been operation in any country or region. After macrocosm established, Motel Burundi willing operate as a vacation resort with the intent of attracting tourist and workers employed by different non-governmental organizations. The resort will unless be functional during specific seasons of the year. However, the lodging sector will operate fully round the year and will open for locals and visitors throughout the week. Motel Burundi will be designed to accommodate master beds with humble space to allow for three sitter chair to be positioned and a kitchenette. It will also score a fully functional restaurant where different delicacies and meals will be provided at the customers request. In addition, Motel Burundi will have an in built bar and dance floor, which will cater for entertainment purposes and an effective, fully functional dating agency to offer hookups for single souls visiting the Motel. Motel Burundi intention market strategy is to become a destination choice for both locals and international visitors paying Bujumbura a visit for one reason or another. The motel will expect an increase in sales as currently there is no serious motel which provides stiff competition in the hotel market.The motel Burundi record mission will be to provide an outstanding hotel and lodging facility for all guests visiting the motel. The Motel will focus on personal businesses and group meetings by putting an emphasis on high quality standards in the rooms, bars, foods and dance floor. In addition, Motel Burundi will provide a fair investment clear for the owners and all stakeholders responsible for its daily operations.Motel Burundi will be located in Bujumbura the capital city of Burundi. It will be a peck owned and operated by the sole owner who will also act as the chief Executive Officer Motel Burundi will be acquired and

Biostatestics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Biostatestics - Assignment Examplea) The authors concluded ab give away their study that use of gastric chevron compared with lifestyle intervention resulted in a greater percentage achieving a loss of 50% of excess weight, corrected for age among obese adolescent participants. They gain ground noned that there were associated benefits to health and quality of life (OBrien, et al., 2010).c) The major concern of the media watch program was the appropriateness of gastric banding for obese children. The media release of the results and authors did not say much about the adverse effects of the gastric banding procedure. The review further questioned the independence of the research study since Allergan Health their major mention of funding doubles as the manufacturer of the gastric bands which were used in the study (Media Watch).d) 4% of the participants in the Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding group dropped out of the study whereas 28% of the participants in the Lifestyle gro up dropped out of the study (OBrien, et al.,

Final examination essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Final examination - Essay Examplestedes dimensions for comparative cross-cultural studies, and they have led to many useful explanations of cross-cultural differences in consumer behavior. The important reason that may have rendered Hofstedes useful is that these dimensions are independent. Only two dimensions are interdependent, and these are collectivism and spring place. Together with national wealth, Hofstedes dimensions can be used to explain more than half of the differences in consumer behavior. Tompenaars dimensions do not show results that are as consistent as the Hofstede dimensions.The name cultura is a Latin word closely related to cultus which means cult or worship. Therefore, culture may be considered as the result of piece action. According to Hofstede (2001), national culture is the broadest level of culture that a person can be a member of. People are shaped by their national culture from their early childhood through beliefs, values and assumptions inherent in it. The theory of cultural dimensions is central to the study of consumer behavior across the earthly concern especially in analyzing the effect of culture on consumer behavior. The Theory of Cultural Dimensions was introduced in 1980 by Geert Hofstede. This theory was based on his study of cultural solutions to organizational problems involving 117,000 employees at IBM in 40 countries. According to Hofstede (2001), the individualism dimension describes the relations between the individual and the collectivity that exists in a given fiat. His dimension represents a society that has loose ties between individuals. Individualistic countries stress the importance of human independence, and individual liberty and self-reliance. Individualists promote the unrestricted exercise o individual goals and desires.Mooij (2010) terms power distance as the degree to which less influential members of the public admit that power is unevenly distributed. In the world, there are both high-power an d low-power distance cultures.

What practices pay off best and under what conditions Assignment - 1

What practices sacrifice off best and under what conditions - Assignment ExampleIt is the retainer between the employers and themselves. It is usually a reward for a job done, directly related to the efforts applied in per ca-caance of the work.In merit pay/ equal of living adjustments form of pay, the employees are paid in relation to past work behavior and cost of living (Belcher, 1996). An increase in merit is triggered by work behavior recognized in the past and the adjustments in the cost of living. The cost of living consideration raises the merit of all the employees without regard to the performance. This form of pay is mostly beneficial when the employer is assured of commitment and professional skills of the workers. This form of pay will work towards ensuring that there is low employee turn over as most appreciate that the employer is considerate enough. Adjustments of pay in relation to the cost of living encourage the employees to be loyal to the company and to increase their output. This form of pay is peculiarly beneficial to the employees as during harsh economic times they are assured that the employer will adjust the pay in their benefit.The pay system brings on bill of fare various groups of people and this determines what they perceive of the company or the employer. The society or the community considers job compensation often referred to as pay as a measure of justice towards the employees. It is the societys belief that benefits extended to the employees are a reflection of the level of justice in the society.The most beneficial form of pay to the employer is the incentives or the variable pay. In this form of pay, pay rise is triggered by performance of the employees. Some of the assumptions of the variable pay method are both(prenominal) employees are more productive than their peers some perform better and are better equipped with technical skills better performance should be rewarded and some of the employees earnings should be d irectly proportional

Convergence from GAAP to IFRS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Convergence from GAAP to IFRS - Essay ExampleThe paper will further discuss the benefits, which will accrue to United States firms, investors, and the rescue as a whole, as a result of converging from United States mainly Accepted Accounting Principles to International Financial Reporting Standards. Convergence from Generally Accepted Accounting Principles to International Financial Reporting Standards Currently, International Financial Reporting Standards are used by more than 12,000 companies in the world and overhear been in use in over 100 countries around the globe. According to Kaiser et al. (2012), there are various ongoing projects, which were initiated by the International Accounting Standards carte du jour and the Financial Accounting Standards Board with an aim of enhancing the International Financial Reporting Standards and the States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, and eventually making the principles fully compatible. bulk of these projects covers the key comp mavinnts of the financial reports. Through these projects, the boards plan to enhance financial disclosure information for shareholders while also aligning U.S. GAAP and international bookkeeping standards. revenue recognition, financial instruments, and leases are deemed as the priority projects largely as a result of existing difference of IFRS and U.S. GAAP and the necessity for enhancements, especially in the principles they are intended to replace. The boards have also concentrated on financial reports presentation and consolidations projects due to bulky implications they might have (Kaiser et al., 2012). According to Henson (2012), in late 2011, dry Chief Accountant, James Kroeker, indicated that considerable progress had taken place on numerous IASB and FASB Memorandum of Understanding convergence projects encompassing other comprehensive financial and income reporting fair value guidance. In January 2012, the chairman of IASB, Hans Hoogervorst acknowledged that In ternational Financial Reporting Standards pose several challenges for the SEC. U.S. uses a sophisticated, mature and time verbalize set of bookkeeping standards, and this makes it difficult to make the convergence decision. In June 2012, IASB and FASB agreed on lease bookkeeping model where all leases with a period of one year or more would be reported on the balance sheet. Hans Hoogervorst indicated that the two boards anticipate completing the convergence project by year 2013 (Henson, 2012). The considerable progress in the convergence projects requires the United States companies, to start examining the implications of the convergence on their operations. This would enable companies to plan how to adopt the changes, which will arise from the convergence. This implies that, at the beginning of 2014, the U.S. frequent traded corporations might be obligated to file financial reports with the SEC using the International Financial Reporting Standards. In my opinion, it is beneficial for the United States to converge from America Generally Accepted Accounting Principles to International Financial Reporting Standards. The convergence has various challenges and advantages. The challenges facing the transition may be addressed appropriately by all stakeholders involved in the convergenc

Strategic Choice and Evaluation Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategic Choice and Evaluation Paper - Essay ExampleThe most suitable grand dodge for Hawaiian Airlines in this case will be concentrated pay offth. (Galor, 2005).The grand strategy of Hawaiian Airlines haves the division of the main objective into a number of major(ip) objectives that will gel together to achieve the overall strategy. This will include a number of long term objectives through which the organization will be able to achieve their main objective which is the reduction of their debt and raising additional capital (Weil, 2008). The achievement of these two objectives will lead to the accomplishment of the main aim which is the expansion and growth of the airline (Debraj, 2008). The grand strategy thus will consist of methods in which these two can be obtained in the most utile way. Though these objectives may have a number of sub-aims within themselves, the grand strategy will focus on the main objective itself and how to ensure it is achieved (Weil, 2008). With thi s in mind, the grand strategy can be designed as suchThis objective will require adept skills in accounting if the aim of 25% is to be achieved in the sum up of time allocated (5 years). Reducing the company debt can be done through a number of ways that will involve the management of the organizations funds and may require the company to tighten its belt in certain areas (Galor, 2005). These ways include, increasing the premium amount that is being paid during the agreed periods of time with their debtors. This growing can be within the realms of 5% and 10% which will make a big inequality in the long run (Debraj, 2008). A second means is cutting on unnecessary costs and expenditure to ensure that the current debt does not grow any larger. This may involve the cutting of costs such as paid vacations for the period of time that the debt is being reduced (Weil, 2008). The cutting of costs and increase of debt amount paid will mean that the money accrued will be paid off faster tha n was previously possible

Where did the system fail CJ202 #5 Research Paper

Where did the system fail CJ202 5 - Research Paper ExampleKeeping this sexual urge predator on the street showed an incompetent decision the justice system made (Holmes, 1991, p. 29).The defendant had vital predatory traits towards small girls and should be put in prison for a long time span as possible to protect a girl child against sexual offence. After setting nurseryman free, a number of victims suffered sexual assault and further caused the death of other two young women.The justice system acts as a door of innovation for sexual predators. They would be legally permitted to reside within neighborhoods forcing the adjacent families to live with fear to fall as the victims of sexual offence and twisted aggression. The system fails by structuring lenient rules for sex offenders instead of harsh punishment. The sex offenders sentences would be shortened rather than life imprisonments. These offenders released back to the streets give them a chance to repeat their knockdown-drag out behaviors again and again (London, 1991, p.14).Freeing Gardener and later resulting Amber Dubois, and Chelsea kings death set fears all over, and the world would be seen to be no longer safe. This imposed hard tasks on parents and institutions to guard the girl child against sex offenders. It is thus unusual and cruel punishment when the justice system leaves these monsters to pass freely and put children and women at a risk (McCarthy, 1991,

FOREST ELEPHANT AND ITURI FOREST IN CONGO Essay

FOREST ELEPHANT AND ITURI FOREST IN CONGO - Essay ExampleOn the opposite hand, the natives hunt on the wood elephants and perform various other activities to sustain their life. There is a fine line of difference between upholding the natural aspects of the forest and fulfilling the needs of all the stakeholders. A research including the perspectives of all the stakeholders manifold is required in order to establish that line of difference. Background of Ituri The forest got its name from the famous Ituri River. Confined within the boundaries of the Uganda borders and the open regions of Savannah, Ituri forest along with its rivers ends up on the banks of the Zaire River. The forest is composed of very hilly regions covered with dense botany and the average altitude across the hills is around 800 meters. The dense vegetation includes trees of hardwood type, predominantly spread across several acres of the land. The forest is abundant in its natural resources and thus provides imm ense opportunities for economic exploitations. (Ituri Forest, 2011) Stakeholders Mbutis The natives argon the major stakeholders twisty in modifying both economic and environmental perspectives of the forest. The Mbutis, formerly known as the Pygmies, have sustained their life in these dense forests for several generations. Although, at present, their creation is standing around a meager 40000, they still play a major role in determining the usage of this forest area. The Mbutis primary path of subsistence has been through hunting. Although, the reasoning for their hunting expeditions have all been closely connected to their economical subsistence, the current trends of hunting by the Mbutis, does not restrict to that reason alone. early(a) economic aspects are brought into the picture, bringing up different stakeholders, interested in various products of hunting. There is a wide market opened for trading forest products especially the meat of deer, monkeys and forest elephants. The contemporary trends in trade market suggest that there is a growing demand for the Antelope meat. Commercial organizations and other entrepreneurs are targeting the high technical value for Antelope meat and hence, irrespective of the treacherous conditions of the forests, they travel up all the way to exchange flour, rice and other food products with Mbuti for Antelope meat. Since commercial hunting provides them the necessary means to sustain a foragers life, there hunting expeditions continue to grow in the Ituri forest. Apart from this, they cultivate vegetation and repeat minerals from the land and exchange it for food products. But, the resources of minerals and trees have attracted other stakeholders to make use of these resources for commercial purposes. The places once exploited only by these natives have become a source for many. As a result, there protein suppliers role that they have been pursuing for more than 2000 years is dwindling rapidly. Immigrated settlers The exploitation started in the 1940s itself when the Belgians opened up the roads for easy transport and since then, several acres of land have been wiped out of trees for cultivation and agriculture. One major consequence because of these peck is the depletion of traditional trade between the Mbutis and the

Assessment and Child Essay Example for Free

judgment and Child EssayAssessments are very burning(prenominal) in determining how to teach our boorren and where they are in terms of victimization. There are many types of legal opinions that send word be beneficial in helping find out how to approach the learning style of each tiddler as an individual instead of as a whole group. While each perspicacity is structurally different, they can produce results which give us insight on where our children are during different stages of their lives. There are both form-only(prenominal) and wanton assessments that can be used. Formal assessments are norm-referenced examens that fuck off govern, perfunctory procedures for administering, timing and scoring.They have been normed or administered to a representative sample of similar age or grade run through students so that final test results can be compared to students of similar characteristics. Test results indicate a persons relative deed in the group. These similar tests must be administered as specified in the manual to en confident(predicate) valid and reliable results(ERIC Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation). There is another type of formal assessment called criterion-referenced test. These type of test mea positive(predicate) what the person is able to do and indicate what scientific disciplines have been mastered.A CRT compares a persons performance with their past performances. In criterion-referenced measurement, the emphasis is on assessing specific and relevant behaviors that have been mastered rather than indicating the relative standing in the group(ERIC Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation). Formal assessments can prove to be beneficial as far as comparing test scores over a period of term and how the child is developing over that same period. While formal assessments are useful they as well as have flaws in them. regularise test can project a child rule like pressure and anxiety.In a lot of military positions when a child feels like this they will not do their crush on any type of assessment. Another problem with these types of tests is that they use the same set of questions for all the children and are not sensitive to the situations that different children endure. Children who live in poor and underdeveloped environments whitethorn not be exposed to authentic ways of life and may not have the same advantages of acquiring companionship as the other children they go to school with. This will automatically put them at a disadvantage in school and on test they may take.There is another way to do an assessment that is better suited for the child and does not view as them feel so un prospering and that is an informal assessment. An informal assessment focuses on play and observation of the child and not a test of sorts. By observing the child in a certain situation you can record how they act and how they respond to different situations and stimuli that are presented to them. You can u se check-list and rating scales to record your findings and document them and file them away in a portfolio. Another way to do an informal assessment is by parent interviews.You can find out a lot of valuable information by asking the parents questions about their child. Over the past few years teachers have placed more emphasis informal testing than formal testing. Some districts have increased the use of curriculum-based measurements(CBM). Several samples of a students performance are collected, using items drawn from the local curriculum, usually in basic skill subjects of reading, math, spelling and written expression. Such brief tests are called probes(ERIC Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation). One form of an informal assessment is the Battelle Developmental Inventory.The Battelle Developmental Inventory is an assessment for infants and children done age seven. It is a flexible, semi-structured assessment that involves observation of the child, interviews with parents a nd caregivers, developmental and social history, and interaction with the child using game-like materials, toys, questionnaires, and tasks (Logsdon). This type of assessment is used to make sure that infants and children are reaching their developmental milestones or showing early signs of learning disabilities or developmental delays. This assessment can also be used through examiner/child and parent/child interaction.Examiners observe the childs responses and score them based on standardized criteria. The parent caregiver input is also important in the assessment because it is used to gather information about the childs history and interactions that take place beyond the testing session. When this assessment is used to observe the toddler through preschool development it is close toly done by tasks that involve testing the child with games, toys and tasks. They observe how the child follows directions, interacts with others, and how they perform certain tasks.Parent information i s used to assess areas that cant be observed during the testing session. The performance scores are based on standardized criteria. The Battelle is used to assess five components of development. They are adaptive behavior, personal and social skills, communication including expressive and receptive language, gross and fine motor skills, and finally cognitive skills are included. The results of this assessment can be used to determine if there are delays and how significant they are based on the age group the child is in.Another good assessment tool is play-based assessment. This is simply observing the child in their natural environment. By doing this the observer is able to see interactions between the child and their peers as well as how they speak, the language they use and their motor abilities. It is good to record all this information and keep it in an ongoing portfolio. By property a written record of what has been observed and any areas of concern you may suspect, you will have more information to share with the parents and find the proper rule of dealing with the problems.I feel there is a major advantage when you use an informal assessment as opposed to a formal one. With formal assessments you can never really tell how smart a child really is. These types of assessments are based on statistics of a large group of children not the children as individuals. Just because children do well on a test does not necessarily make them smarter than others, it simply means they have better test taking skills. There are lots of times that the smartest people do horrible on tests just because they suffer from anxiety and get nervous.You can take the same kids that do poorly on a test and give them an informal assessment where they feel comfortable and you will get different results. Standardized tests are not a reliable means of assessing intelligence based on the fact stated above. These types of tests are often overused in this country and they do not take int o account the comfort level or socioeconomic background of the child being tested. These play a more important bureau in test taking than the test itself.This is the number one reason kids are misdiagnosed for havinglearning disabilities and other disorders such as ADHD. I also feel that a good relationship with the parents is essential in determining the educational needs of the child. No one knows their children better than the parents or caregivers. They are the ones who spend the most time with the children and can fill you in on patterns of behavior not seen during a certain test taking session. Parents are the most important resources you can obtain information from when dealing with children.I would strive to keep the parents informed of everything that was going on with their child and how to help them with anything that raised a red flag. The parents should unceasingly be informed when an assessment is going to be used. A parent could be upset when their child is going to be tested for a development problem without their consent. If you explain the process and how it can help to determine if the child is developmentally behind it can ease the parents mind and make everyone more comfortable.I feel that assessments can be beneficial if they are conducted in the proper manner. Making a child feel more comfortable in their environment is the best way to truly assess them and find out if they are lagging in certain areas of development. It is equally important to unendingly keep the parents involved in all decisions affecting their child and the processes used to assess them. The information used by assessments can help make sure children are developmentally on track, just remember the most important factor is the comfort level of the child.Without assessments a plan of action cannot be implement or executed if the child is behind in any facet of development. Bibliography Logsdon Ann. Testing for Infant and Toddler Development. About. com Guide. http// learningdisabilities. about. com/od/intelligencetests/p/battelledevelop. htm. Accessed on December 10, 2012. ERIC Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation. Assessments for Young Children. 1999. http//www. 1donline. org/article /6040/ Accessed December 10, 2012. Sue C. Wortham (2012). Assessment in Early Childhood Education. 6th ed.

Teeth Roll Crusher Both Take an Important Essay Example for Free

Teeth Roll Crusher Both Take an Important EssayThe roller crusher is mainly used for the inhibition of intermediate or imprinter-hardness mines and rocks with medium or lower rigidity in the trade of cement, metallurgy, chemical industry, electric power, coal and other industrial. The crushing materials include limestone, slag, coke and coal. This dentition roll crusher apply to coal, metallurgy, mine, chemical industry, building materials industries more suitable for large coal or coal gangue) crude (including the broken.Teeth roll crusher work normal and main structure teeth roll crusher mainly adopts special wear-resisting teeth roll high-speed material crushing (for errupted tooth roll crusher traditional with a low extrusion), formed the mechanism of high productivity. The five categories used in the crushing machine, Roll crusher and hammer crusher impact with the main role belongs to brittle material to mistake the machine, it is often called the impact crusher.Impa ct crusher and the crusher-based compression, such as jaw, cone and roll crusher and other match, have the following characteristics 1). Crushing ratio. Roll crusher can reach the crushing ratio above 50, while the jaw, cone and roll crusher is difficult to over 20. Thus, in the need for single-stage crushing of occasions, such as cement industry, limestone crusher, Roll crusher is widely used. 2). Good product particles.

Crisis of Kingfisher Airlines Essay Example for Free

Crisis of Kingfisher radiatelines EssayThe Indian air market is estimated to be the ninth largest in the world but with the population size the unsophisticated has, the Indian government believes it ordain become the worlds third largest market by 2020. 87 foreign and five Indian airlines fly to and from India to 40 countries. Approximately five million Indians fly every month domestically. Domestic traffic more than doubled between Jul-2006 and July 2011, with growth of 101%. One down the stairscoat for the growth was the deregulation of Indian domestic aviation in 2003- 2004 fol first baseed by world(prenominal) deregulation in 2007-2008India has three full service airlines Air India, spout Airways, Kingfisher Airlines and four Low cost carriers GoAir, IndiGo, JetLite (owned by Jet airways), and SpiceJet. Kingfisher also had a discount version Kingfisher Red known formerly as Simplifly Deccan and before that Air Deccan.Ironically the Indian aviation despite a market gro wing at 18 per cent for last 11 months, five out of vi Indian airlines are bleeding leading to the failure of one of the leading aviation player Kingfisher Airlines.Kingfisher Airlines, a subsidiary of UB Group (United Breweries H elderings Ltd), founded in May 2005 operates a passenger airline in India. It was the first airline in India to provide premium first class service on domestic routes with all novel aircraft. In May 2007, it announced it would acquire a 26% stake in Air Deccan, a low cost carrier (LCC) for 5.5 billion rupees ($cxxxv million). Kingfisher Airlines Limited came to become one of the countrys largest airlines, operating more than cd flights a day and having a wide network of destinations, with regional and long-haul international services touching almost 60 destinations.At one point the Kingfisher Airlines had the second largest share in Indias domestic air travel market. However payable to the severe financial crisis faced by the airline, it has the fifth largest market share currently. Even the company capture no funds to pay the salaries to the employees and is facing several(prenominal) other issues like fuel dues aircraft lease rental dues, service tax dues and bank arrears.As Kingfisher airlines is in the midst of a financial turmoil, the case will aim to understand the various factors which are fuelling the growth / decline and those which are/will be critical for the companys performance in the some term.IntroductionHistory of the Indian Airline IndustryIn December 1912, the first domestic air route was opened between Delhi and Karachi by the Indian State Air Services (in collaboration with Imperial Airways of the UK). This marked a new beginning in India. Three years later, Tata Sons started a regular send service between Karachi and Madras. At that time, there were a few transport companies operating within and also beyond the frontiers of the country, carrying both air cargo and passengers. virtually of these were Tata Airlines, Indian National Airways, Air Service of India, Deccan Airways, Ambica Airways, Bharat Airways and Mistry Airways. The Tata Airlines was converted into a public limited company in the year 1946 and renamed Air India Limited. In 1948 a knock sector company-Air India International was established by the Government of India and Air India headed by J.R.D. Tata. In 1953, the Parliament passed the Air bow window Act. Air India International and Indian Airlines Corporation came into formal existence and Air India International was nationalized.The Indian Aviation sector was liberalized in commence in 1990 with private sector players being allowed to operate as air taxi operators in India. A number of private players commenced domestic operations like Damania, East-West, Modiluft, Air Sahara and NEPC, entered the industry. However, a decade later none of them have survived.Foreword of Kingfisher AirlinesKingfisher Airlines is an airline group based in India. Its head office is T he Qube in Andheri (East), Mumbai and Registered Office in UB City, Bangalore. Kingfisher Airlines was established in 2003 and began operations on 9 May 2005 with a fleet of five A380s, five Airbus A350s aircraft and five Airbus A330s operating its first inaugural flight from Mumbai to Delhi. It seems staggering that an airline a month old could order the worlds biggest plane in an untested market. They went international in 2008, less than four years ago. In May 2009, they became Indias largest airline by passenger numbers.Owned by the Bangalore based United Breweries Group. Kingfisher Airlines, through its parent company United Breweries Group, has a 50% stake in low-priced carrier Kingfisher Red. The UB group is lead by Dr. Vijay Mallya as the Chairman to one of Indias largest conglomerates with diverse interests in brewing, distilling, real estate, engineering, fertilizers, biotechnology, information technology and aviation. Dr. Mallya, was elected by shareholders as Chairman o f The UB Group in 1983, at the age of 28 and has been instrumental in growing it into a multinational business conglomerate. Kingfisher is the only Indian and the one of the six in the world to have received the 6 stars rating for its services by the Skytrax operates more than 400 flights a day connecting 72 destinations the world over.Merger of Kingfisher- Air DeccanA wholly owned subsidiary of Deccan Aviation, Air Deccan, was Indias first low cost carrier. It has a vision to modify every Indian to fly thus representing the airlines simple and no frills approach. With a low pricing strategy, Air Deccan primarily focussed on first time travellers and successfully shifted people from Rail travel to Air travel.Air Deccan airlines merged with Kingfisher Airlines and decided to operate as a single entity from April, 2008 under the title name Kingfisher Aviation. The merger is based on recommendations of Accenture, the global consulting firm. KPMG was asked to do the valuation and the swap ratio was decided accordingly. The merger came through on as Vijay Mallya from Kingfisher airlines bought 26% of the stake in Air Deccan. The unification of the two carriers had to be sanctioned not only by the two panels, but also by the institutional investors, independent directors, and other shareholders. Air Deccan had four independent directors-which included prominent persons like IIM Prof Thiru Naraya, Tennis player Vijay Amritraj, and A K Ganguly, reason MD Nabisco Malaysia.Post merger, KingFisher would operate as a single largest (private) airline in the sub-continent with a combined fleet of 71 aircrafts, connects 70 destinations and operating 550 flights in a day. The combined entity has a market share of 33%. Captain Gopinath continued as the Executive Chairman and Vijay Malay in-charge as the Vice Chairman.To thin the fleet structure, Kingfisher was focussed towards the international routes and functioning as a full-service carrier while Air Deccan was allotted the wider domestic reach and operated as a low cost carrier.As both the carriers operated the Airbus, the operational synergies integrated not only the management and staff of the airlines but also the engineering, inventory management and ground use services, maintenance and overhaul sectors. These efforts brought about an increased savings in costs by 4-5% (INR. 300 crores)*Further, by devising a more optimal routing strategy it could help in rationalizing the fares. Before the merger Air Deccan recorded a net loss of Rs 213.17 crores on revenue of Rs 437.82 crores for 2006-07. The company had also raised Rs 400 crores through an IPO in May 2006. The merger will create a more competitive business in scale and scope to supply as market leader.

Steganography: Uses, Methods, Tools and Examples

Steganography Uses, Methods, Tools and ExamplesSteganographybyMohammed AlmintakhABSTRACTThis paper talks about steganography, steganography is the art or hiding info within a medium without letting others to know about that info is exsisting. I will go through an introduction about it , because explaining the background of it and more tuition about the uses of this proficiency , and how organization use it in their own good. This topic surprisingly is new for most of people who read its name , ill return to simplify the idea of this advent as much as possible.1. IntroductionSteganography is the art of hiding a message. The purpose of steganography is to incubate a message from a more or littleone you dont expect to see it. It is different than cryptography, the art of secret writing, which is intended to make a message scum bagnot be read , and when does not hide the existence of the secret communication. Although steganography differs from cryptography, thither ar many analogies between the two, and some authors classify steganography as a form of cryptography since out of sight communication is a type of secret writing. Steganography works by changing bits of useless or bot utilizedata in regular computerfiles(such(prenominal) as graphics, sound, text,HTML) with bits of different, invisible breeding. This cabalistic information can beplain text,cipher text, or even doublings.2. Steganography BackgroundInformation hiding is related to two fields, Steganography and watermarking. at that place atomic numerate 18 three main aspects for information hiding, capacity, security, and robustness. Capacity means the follow of information that can be recondite, security refers to the unability of an eavesdropper to detect vague information, and robustness to the amount of modification the bounce back medium can resist before the hidden information is corrupted. In general, information hiding goes through these processes1. Identification of redun dant bits in a cover medium. Redundant bits are those bits that can be edited without taking care of the quality of the cover medium.2. Then, we select a sub particularize of the redundant bits to be replaced with data from a private message. The stage medium is created by replacing the selected redundant bits with message bits.The modification of redundant bits can change the statistical properties of the cover medium. As a result, statistical analysis may reveal the hidden subject.3. Uses of SteganographySteganography means of storing data in a way that it hides the existence of them. Steganography used to book out hidden exchanges .For example, Governments are interested in two types of communication of hidden data first, which supports national security and second, which does not. Steganography support two types, also short letter view similar concerns, about trade secrets for new technologies or products information. Of course, using steganography to communicate greatly re duces the risk of information leakage. Businesses takes advantage of another form of steganography, called watermarking. Watermarking is generally used to identify and entails hidden unique part of information within a medium without touching the medium. For example , lets say that I have design an image , with that image , I have embedded a watermark that identifies me as the one who created this image, later on , when this image is propagate with people , I can later identify myself as the creator and I can of course prove that I am the owner of this. This approach is used by companies for the copyrighted digital media a lot for the purpose of protection. Also, steganography enhances the privacy individually, although it is not a substitute for encryption, of course this is effective only if the hidden embedded information is not detected. If the communication is almost never exists, this will becomes so private to be caught.Like many tools, steganography1. Steganography can be a way which makes it possible to send news and information without being censored and without the fear of the messages being intercepted and traced back to us.2. It is also possible to simply use steganography to reposition information on a location. For example, several information sources like our private banking information, some military machine secrets, can be stash awayd in a cover source. When we are required to unhide the secret information in our cover source, we can easily reveal our banking data and it will be impossible to prove the existence of the military secrets inside.3. Steganography can also be used to implement watermarking. Although the concept of watermarking is not necessarily steganography, there are several steganography techniques that are being used to store watermarks in data. The main difference is on intent, while the purpose of steganography is hiding information, watermarking is merely extending the cover source with extra information. Since people will not require noticeable changes in images, audio or video files because of a watermark, steganography methods can be used to hide this.4- Steganographic MethodsThe formula infra describes the process of steganography as discussed preceding(prenominal)cover_medium + hidden_data + stego_key = stego_mediumThe explanation of this formula is,The cover medium refers to the file that we are going to put our information on it.Hidden data obviously is the data we want to keep secret.An encryption advanced which is a choice for us.The result shall be a stego medium , which is the same file as the cover medium.The easiest way to hide the data in an image , is called LSB(least significant bit) insertion.Figure 1 shows a common taxonomy of steganographic techniques.5. Steganography ToolsAsteganography packet tools allows a user to attach hidden data in a carrier file, such as an image or video, and sometimes it could be an audio , and later take off that data. It is not incumbent to hid e the message in the superior file at all. Thus, it is not necessary to edit the original file and thus, it is hard to detect nothing. If a assumption part of the message is subjected to successive bitwise manipulation to generate the cyphertext, then there is no evidence in the original file to show that it is being used by a third party. to encrypt a file. An example of this method is described in a self-published science fiction novel. In that example a file is encrypted using a 1949 photo from a digital archive of National Geographic magazine.6. Steganography ExampleThere are software that preform steganography, some of well knows programs are Hide4PGP (http//www.heinz-repp.onlinehome.de/Hide4PGP.htm)MP3Stego (http//www.cl.cam.ac.uk/fapp2/steganography/mp3stego/)Stash (http//www.smalleranimals.com/stash.htm)Steganos (http//www.steganos.com/english/steganos/download.htm)S-Tools (available fromhttp//www.webattack.com/download/dlstools.shtml)7- Describing a tool of Steganography and how it worksTake a look on this pictureFigure 2 Stego pictureThis picture looks ok , nothing suspicious , nothing wrong with it , but in reality it has a hidden message. If you use a software tool to analyze the pictures , this result will come upFigure 3 QuickStego programBasically , this technique is done by these steps below Figure 4 Steganography process8- Deep knowledge of SteganographySteganography comes from the Greek words for covered writing.It is the practice of disguising the existence of a message.Generally, innocent looking carriers, e.g., pictures, audio, video, text, etcetera that hold the hidden information The combination of hidden data-plus-cover is known as the stego-object Stegokey An additional piece of information, such as a password or numeral variable, required to embed the secret information Typical Scenario Sender Sender Hides Secret Message In a Cover victimisation a Stegokey communicable Carrier Appears Innocuous Receiver Decodes Secret Message by Removing the Cover Using the Stegokey Receiver Reads Secret Message9.Steganography and SecurityAs noted to a higher place , steganography is an effective and efficient way of hiding data, it is just protecting the data from the unauthorized or unwanted interception. But stego is merely one of many methods to abide the confidentiality of data. It is probably the best used in integration with another data-hiding method. When used in collection, these ways can all be a part of a layered security mechanism. Some good complementary methods includeEncryption-Encryptionis the operation of crossing data or plaintext through a series of mathematical processes that generate an alternate form of the original text known as ciphertext. The encrypted text can only be read by one who have been given the proper key to decrypt the ciphertext back into its original plaintext form. Encryption doesnt hide data, but it does make it difficult to readHidden directories (Windows)- Windows provides this feature, which allows users to hide files. Using this mechanism is as easy as changing the characteristics of a directory to hidden, and hoping that no one can view all types of files in their explorer. conceal directories (Unix)- in legitimate directories that have a lot of files, such as in the /dev directory on a Unix implementation, or making a directory that starts with three dots () versus the normal single or double dot.Covert channels- Some tools can be used to transfer important data in seemingly normal network traffic. One such tool that does that is Loki. Loki is a tool that hides data in ICMP traffic (like ping).10.Steganography vs. EncryptionThe goal of steganography is to not keep others know the hidden information, of cource , to keep others from thinking that the information even exist.if a method of steganography causes someone to suspect the medium which carries the data , then the method has failed. Encryption and Steganography achieve separate goals, encryption is changing the subject matter of the message so it cannot be read, steganography does not change the meaning or change the data to make it unusable or unintended, rather, it prevents the third party from suspecting that there is a communication or data even exists.For these people who want to reach ultimate in security or privacy , can combine both approaches , encryption and steganography. Encrypted data is difficult to be differentiate from normal occurring phenomena than a normal plain text (which is a raw text) in the medium, there are several steganography tools that can encrypt data before hiding them in a chosen medium.Steganography should not be confused with encryption .Encryption disguises the content of a message. The existence of the message is usually obvious.Steganography disguises the existence of the message .However, additional security can be obtained if steganography is combined with encryption.11. Steganalysis and its techniquesSteganalysis , is the counter m easure of steganography, is the art of detecting that there is a steganography exists , or a decoded data within a medium. There are two main major tools in Steganalysis, information supposition and statistical analysis. Mainly , this reveals clearly the tremendous potential for hidden information in the interner data of course as long as a set of data can be compressed to smaller sizes.there should be a space for hidden data within the medium.Steganalysis can be classified in a similar way as cryptanalysis methods, largely based on how much prior information is known Steganography-only attack The steganography medium is the only item available for analysis.Known-carrier attack The carrier and steganography media are both available for analysis.Known-message attack The hidden message is known.Chosen-steganography attack The steganography medium and algorithm are both known.Chosen-message attack A known message and steganography algorithm are used to create steganography media for future analysis and comparison.Known-steganography attack The carrier and steganography medium, as well as the steganography algorithm, are known.12. Method of SteganographyA lot of methods are available for digital Steganography. But exploiting the lenient constraints of a file formats is the most famous one. There are a lot of softwares that uses this technique.a- Image as carriersOne of the ways to hide data is using images , which is a good method.The difficulty to reveal the data hidden increases with the detailed in an image, and that makes it harder to guess or to suspect that image. JPHIDE/JPSeek is a package that uses the coefficients to hide the information. (http//linux01.gwdg.de/alatham/stego.html).There was a new method of that , that embeds data in visually insignificant parts of an image. These both methods transmute the image. The user however can explore image degradation with different messages and images of different length. Another way is for GIF images, is to m odify an images palette for hiding its data. Gifshuffle, which is a tool , that doesnt modify the image itself, in any visible way. It permutes a GIF images color map, that will leave the original image completely intact.b- Audio File CarriersA lot of packages also available for embedding and hiding data in the audio files. One of the tools for audio file hiding stego is the MP3Stego,which does not only hide information effectively , of cource arbitrary, rather also claims to be partly upstanding method of watermarking the targeted MP3 audio files. The WAV formal , which stands for Wavaform Audio File Format, is a Microsoft audio format which mainly windows depends on, however, this format lets users hide data using StegoWave or Steghide (http//www.radiusnet.net/crypto/steanography/ coffee tree/stegowav.zip) (http//steghide.sourceforge.net/). These sites refer to both programs in order. Steghide modifies the LSB of data to be transmit in the carrier medium. Using an audio file as a medium is less popular than using an image as a steganography medium.c- Data OrderingThe data ordering which does not have ordering constrains, is usually a actually good method of steganography. Each change of a group of objects could be pointed to a positive integer. pointing can then be used to encode the hidden data by modifying the sequence of objects that are not considered in ordered by the carrier medium. While this technique mainly, does not change the information quality, the data which are hidden can of course easily get lost if the medium is encoded again. For example, if we have a GIF which its color map consist of hidden data, we could then open the GIF in our favorite graphics-editing tool package that will be used , and save it again. Visually, the result will be both identical , from the original file to the second file, but the ordering of the color map may have been lost.13. LimitationsSteganography is limited just like that encryption is, if bob wants to send a n image with a hidden message to alice , he have to first agree secretly with alice on a way of steganography. Underneath the encryption model , alice can be fairly sure when she has got some ciphertext. Let us have a scenario about alice ,when she wants to borrow bobs camera and neglects to tell him to be careful for each 73rd byte in the images she sends him.Bobs will be ignorant of Alices steganography efforts. The chanses that bob will let alice borrow his digital camera will decrease the large number of pictures he will receive from her.The amount of data that could be effectively hidden in a medium is heading to be limited by the size of the medium itselt. The less limitations that exist on the integrity of the medium, the more potential it has for hiding data.14. ConclutionI have briefly explained and defined steganography , which is in my legal opinion an effective tool to do so many things regarding security or reliability in any field of communication .what I mean that , this technique can be used in any section in real life, military , businesess, educational , governments and more.Also , I have shown varous tools and how they function well.15- References1- Artz, D. (2001). Digital steganography Hiding data within data. IEEE Internet Computing, 75-80.2- Provos, N., Honeyman, P. (2012). Detecting Steganographic Content on the Internet.3- Classification of Hiding Techniques Ref F.A.P. Petitcolas, R.J. Anderson, and M.G. Kuhn, Information Hiding A Survey, in Proc. Of the IEEE , vol. 87, No. 7, July 1999, pg. 1063Kessler, G. (2001, family line 11). Steganography Hiding Data Within Data. Retrieved December 6, 2014, from http//www.garykessler.net/library/steganography.htmlhttp//www.garykessler.net/library/fsc_stego.htmlKessler, G. (2004, February 2). An Overview of Steganography for the Computer Forensics Examiner. Retrieved December 6, 2014, from http//www.garykessler.net/library/fsc_stego.htmlhttp//www.symantec.com/connect/articles/steganography-re vealedhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SteganographyNetworkhttp//www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/steganography.htmlhttp//quickcrypto.com/free-steganography-software.htm