Writing Paragraph

My hobbies My hobby is flower arranging. It may be greeted with much derision because the prevailing opinion is that the hobby is more for the elderly. However, I feel that flower arranging provides me the chance to think in a creative way and develop my artistic potential. To me, turning a bunch of flower into a beautiful artwork is a source of pride and gratification; and, it indeed creates a continued interest. As I have engaged myself in this hobby, I have a lot more of quality time with my parents who share the same interest with me.My father is a professional florist who has a flower shop of his own. His shop features many types of flower bouquets, most of them are for special occasions such as birthdays, anniversaries and weddings. Since I do help him out at his shop sometimes, I can see that he is financially prospering! After much thought, I realise that flower arranging is an interesting hobby to pursue. Using only a few plant and flower materials and a pair of skillful han ds, a person can actually produce many eye-catching flower banquets and reap much profit.Thus, I want to know more about this beneficial hobby. Perhaps, if I fall to achieve my dreamed profession of being a business woman, I can happily pursue this alternative career path! Your life (cai nay ch? t? lam nha, vi cai nay vi? t v? cu? c s? ng c? a ch? , em khong lam dum du? c) 😀 My last trip (My summer vacation) The summer vacation is a long time which for myself take a rest. It is a special summer vacation because I have just passed the exam. Next month, I'm a freshman. When I passed the exam, I visited my home town.My home town , to me, is very beautiful. There are Co Loa temple, Soc Son temple, Duong river, Bat Trang village and so on. I visited my grandmother, my relatives. I went fishing, cutting flowers, sightseeing, eating some special dishes. I love people in my home town so much because of their kindness, and their lovely smile, very friendly. My summer vacation finishe d so fast but it is interesting and leaves me many sweet memories. I never forget it, I sure that I’ll come back next summer. Your future plan (cai nay la e vik v? d? d? nh tuong lai c? e d? ch? tham kh? o, ch? ch? d? nay ch? cung ph? i t? vi? t thoi, vi m? i ng` co 1 d? d? nh khac nhau ma) 😀 I'm a third year student in the English of Business and Tourism at Sai Gon University right now. I like my specialty because I will have many chances to go travel abroad and work in hospitality field. After graduating, I hope to find a good job with a good salary in an environment I could use my abilities. My older brother said that I could be an exporter or leader of a foreign company if I try, it sounds very interesting.Of course, I also want to work in a foreign company, I think it's a good environment to develop my skills: speaking English, writing faxes or emails and contracts with customers, especially communication skills, and the method of working is very professional. I also want to earn much money from my work in the future, so I will work hard to earn a higher salary than expected. I'm trying to learn English, because it's an international language and I can't help but use it when I working with foreigners.I also want to find a part time job to earn extra money be in contact with the environment outside my university. I'm only just 20 years old, too young to get married soon. I would love a job with many opportunities to travel many places, other countries in the world, to know new cultures there, specially eat much good food. In the future, when I have enough experience I'd like to build my own restaurant, or a store where I can earn money by myself. I will employ many people and give them work in order to contribute to the development of my country. I hope my dream comes true.

Social Networking Websites Usage Towards Academic Performance Education Essay

This chapter covers about the literature reappraisal on the Social Networking Sites ( SNS ) use towards academic public presentation. The resources used in this chapter such as books and articles are from e-book available in the Internet and Perpustakaan Tun Abdul Razak ( PTAR ) aggregations. The aggregations used are primary and secondary beginnings which were obtained from the interviews, printed and on-line version of books and articles. The articles used are available in PTAR library databases such as Science Direct, Emerald Management Extra, H.W. Wilson, ProQuest and others. The diary rubrics that were referred to are Computers in Human Behavior, Computers & A ; Education, Computers and Composition and many more. The keywords used during the seeking procedure such as Social Networking Sites ( SNS ) , Facebook, Computer and Internet usage, SNS and pupil public presentation. This chapter will cover five subdivisions which are computing machine and Internet usage, societal networki ng usage, SNS and academic public presentation, factors of utilizing SNS and besides utility of SNS towards pupil public presentation.2.1 Academic public presentationIn educational establishments, pupils normally being analyses and measure based on their public presentation in their academic. It refers to how pupils deal with their surveies and how they cope with or carry through different undertakings given to them by their instructors. Besides that, academic public presentation besides can be analysed in term of the ability of the pupils to analyze and retrieve facts and the ability to pass on their cognition verbally or in written signifier. Azizi Hj. Yahaya ( 2004 ) stated that there are four factors that influence pupils ‘ academic public presentation which are functions of instructors or schools, equals, parents and the pupils themselves. He stated that the functions of pupils covered the facets of the nature of the acquisition procedure, the ends of the acquisition procedure, building of cognition, strategic thought and eventually on believing about thought. He so explained that the successful pupil should be an active, purposive, self-acting, and presume personal duty for lending to their ain acquisition. It can be concluded that the academic public presentation was reflects by the factors that influence the results of successful pupils during their learning procedure. However, the pupils themselves should find their ends and take their egos so that they can accomplish successful consequences in their academic public presentation. Kirschner and Karpinski ( 2010 ) revealed that it is hard to mensurate the academic public presentation particularly in term of specifying the academic public presentation itself. There are many ways to mensurate the academic public presentation either utilizing the GPA or the class such as A, B, C, D, and F ) . Other than that, the research worker should associate the academic public presentation with the sum of clip spent analyzing such as day-to-day, hebdomadal or monthly. Based on Karpinski ( 2009 ) , academic public presentation is conceptualized otherwise between schools, provinces and states. Therefore, he stated that there is no accurate definition on the manner to mensurate academic public presentation.2.2 Computer and Internet usageIn the Information Age, Information Technology ( IT ) and Internet accomplishments are going progressively of import, and those without these accomplishments are at a disadvantage economically and educationally. Schumacher and Morahan-Martin ( 20 01 ) in their research found that the pupils had more exposure to computing machines than to the Internet. The survey found that males were more experient and reported higher accomplishment degrees with the Internet than females, with the exclusion of electronic mail. The pupils used electronic mail in order to hold expeditiously exchange digital information with schoolmates. Almost one tierce of the first-grade pupils do non hold their ain e-mail reference at place yet. The research besides identified that more than half of the first-grade pupils report that they use their computing machines at least one time a hebdomad to look for information on the Internet while one tierce of them used electronic mail or confab from place about every twenty-four hours. The findings besides shows that a one-fourth of the pupils used the computing machine for this intent every hebdomad and more than half use the computing machine every twenty-four hours for games or music. A research done by Tsai and Tsai ( 2010 ) found that there is no important gender difference in pupils ‘ entire Internet Self-Efficacy Scale ( ISES ) scores. However, a important difference was found in the communicative Internet Self-Efficacy ( ISE ) scores between genders while farther subscale. The female pupils had significantly higher tonss than did the male pupils in the communicating subscale. It can be concluded that the misss held significantly more assurance than the male childs sing Internet communicating. The survey besides shows that Internet usage experience both genders had a average degree of Internet utilizing experience in norm. Therefore, there is no important gender difference found in pupils ‘ Internet utilizing experience. However, a important gender difference was found in pupils ‘ hebdomadal clip spent where it identified that boys exhausted important more clip on utilizing the Internet than did the misss every hebdomad. The survey besides found that there was a different intent of utilizing Internet among the genders where most of the misss used the Internet for seeking, mailing, music hearing, prep and speaking while the male childs largely accessed the Internet for game playing, seeking and music hearing. This consequence suggested that male childs and misss might hold different involvements or motives in using the Internet. McCarthy ( 2000 ) stated in his article that in the early 2000s, schools at all degrees in many states began to fix all pupils ‘ for Internet literacy and to advance Internet-based acquisition for life-long acquisition. The consequence from Tsai and Lin ‘s ( 2004 ) research done in Taiwan showed that the misss had significantly higher Internet self-efficacy than the male childs while high school male pupils still had better Internet attitudes in some facets. Harmonizing to Hille ( 2009 ) , the article mentioned that adolescent pupils may immersed in online gambling, chew the fating or other on-line amusement, and even go addicted if there is no effectual direction and supervising from their parents and instructors. The pupils may besides expose to pornographic and violent contents deluging the Internet. Wainer et Al. ( 2008 ) found that from seven societal economic categories, it shows that there is a lessening in test public presentation among the younger and the poorer pupils and their computing machine usage is higher than other. Other than that, it besides identified that there is a important lessening in the classs of those who use computing machines more often when compared with those who ne'er use computing machines for assignments. While the poorest socioeconomic category shows that there is a 15 % decrease in trial tonss. The research done by Yang and Tung ( 2008 ) showed that 236 topics from a sum of 1708 were identified as nuts utilizing the eight-item Internet dependence utilizing Internet dependence Diagnostic Questionnaire ( DQ ) developed by Young ( 1996b ) to separate nuts from non-addicts. The findings showed that there are important different degrees of influence of the Internet between the Internet nuts and non-addicts in five facets of life other than peer dealingss. The Internet nuts believed that the Internet negatively influenced their school acquisition, day-to-day modus operandis, wellness, and parental dealingss every bit good as instructor dealingss while the Internet positively influenced all six facets of the lives of non-addicts. In old surveies, high school pupils displayed debatable effects of Internet dependance, for case, jumping repasts, losing slumber and survey clip, increasing fiscal costs for online activity, and rearranging day-to-day modus operandis or even neglecting s urveies to pass more clip online ( Brenner, 1996 ; Egger & A ; Rauterberg, 1996 ; Young, 1996b ) as cited in Yang and Tung ( 2008 ) . Based on Young ‘s survey ( 1998 ) cited in Yang and Tung ( 2008 ) , it was found that Internet dependants bit by bit reduced the clip spent with household and friends while increasing clip in forepart of their computing machines. This phenomenon may use for some Chinese Internet users, but the information in this survey demonstrated a negative influence on parents but no break of equal relationships for either nuts or non-addict. The findings of this survey confirmed those of Kandell ( 1998 ) , Lin and Tsai ( 2002 ) and Chou and Hsiao ( 2000 ) as quoted in Yang and Tung ( 2008 ) , that both the nut and non-addict groups saw the Internet as positively act uponing their relationships with friends and classmates. Statistical consequences pointed that Internet addicts spent about 21.2 hours per hebdomad on the Internet, while non-addicts spent around 12.1 hours per hebdomad. This survey assumes that most college pupils, populating off from parental monitoring and with fewer categories than high school pupils, have extended freedom to research hazardous activities that might take to Internet dependence. This survey finds a degree of reported Internet use among high school Internet nuts that is comparable to that for addicted college pupils. Ucak ‘s ( 2007 ) survey revealed that most of the pupils of the Department of Information Management in Hacettepe University, Ankara uses the Internet every twenty-four hours. Based on the consequences, the bulk entree the Internet from their section ‘s computing machines followed by accessing from their place. However, the rate of entree from Internet coffeehouse and the library is low. The consequences show that a huge intents of utilizing the Internet such as for their classs, prep assignments followed by utilizing the Internet for personal involvement and for electronic mails. Some of them used the Internet to listen for music, games, and amusement option while chat comes in the last topographic point.TinThe experiences and sentiments of the societal web influence preventive determinations in this population of immature, minority adult females. The societal web, including friends, household members, and media beginnings, is a cardinal beginning of prophylactic information for many adult females. Comprehensive contraceptive method guidance should research the experiences and sentiments of the patient ‘s societal web to the extent possible. Lynn Yee, M.D. , M.P.H.a, and Melissa Simon, M.D. , M.P.H ( 2009 ) Consequences indicated that pupils use Facebook about 30 min throughout the twenty-four hours as portion of their day-to-day modus operandi. Students communicated on Facebook utilizing a one-to-many manner, in which they were the Godheads circulating content to their friends. Even so, they spent more clip detecting content on Facebook than really posting content. Facebook was used most frequently for societal interaction, chiefly with friends with whom the pupils had a pre-established relationship offline. In add-on to authoritative individuality markers of emerging maturity, such as faith, political political orientation, and work, immature grownups besides used media penchants to show their individuality. Deductions of societal networking site usage for the development of individuality and peer relationships are discussed.Tiffany A. Pempek, Yevdokiya A. Yermolayeva, Sandra L. Calvert ( 2008 ) An person ‘s success in society depends on the form and size of his/her societal web and ability to web and signifier connexions with other societal groups. Administrations which can harness this unconditioned human ability to pull off cognition will be able to take down minutess costs and go more profitable. Anria Sophia new wave Zyl ( 2008 ) Arrested development analyses conducted on consequences from a study of undergraduate pupils ( N = 286 ) suggest a strong association between usage of Facebook and the three types of societal capital, with the strongest relationship being to bridging societal capital. In add-on, Facebook use was found to interact with steps of psychological wellbeing, proposing that it might supply greater benefits for users sing low self-esteem and low life satisfaction. Nicole B. Ellison Charles Steinfield Cliff Lampe ( 2007 )2.3 SNS usage and academic public presentationHarmonizing to Boyd & A ; Ellison ( 2008 ) , Social-networking sites ( afterlife SNS ) are the latest on-line communicating tool that allows users to make a public or private profile to interact with people in their webs. They so defined SNS as web-based services that allow persons to build a public or semi-public profile within a delimited system, joint a list of other users with whom they portion a connexion and position and track their list of connexions and those made by others within the system There are few surveies that had been done in findings the important of SNS with academic public presentation. Kirschner and Karpinski ( 2010 ) had conducted a research on the Facebook ( FB ) and academic public presentation. FB is a portion of the illustrations of SNS that was late being used by many people including the pupils. Barratt, Hendrickson, Stephens and Torres ( 2005 ) stated that the increased of FB ‘s popularity has raises inquiries about its impact on college pupil life. The FB was foremost introduced by Mark Zuckerberg in 2005 to assist residential college and university pupils identify pupils in other abode halls. The use of FB than has been expanded to persons outside the college and university system. It has been identified that the use of FB covers all group of age with largely the age between 25 to 34 year-olds ( Lipsman, 2007 ) . However, even though there was an addition growing in older age groups, FB remains chiefly a college- age and emerging grownup phe nomenon. From the statistics collected by the FB administrative that showed in the web site, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.facebook.com/press/info.php? statistics, it recorded that there are 500 million of active users registered and half of them log in any given twenty-four hours while 55 million updates post each twenty-four hours with more than 8 billion proceedingss spent on the website worldwide each. The statistic besides identified that more than 2.5 billion exposures uploaded each month, more than 14 million pictures uploaded each month, more than 30 billion pieces of content, for case web links, intelligence narratives, web log stations, notes, exposures shared each hebdomad, more than 3.5 million events created each month, and more than 45 million active user groups bing. It can be concluded that Facebook is a popular time-consuming activity that doubtless has some impact on college pupil life. Based on survey done by Espinosa, Laffey, Whittaker, and Sheng ( 2006 ) , they investigated the function of engineering in early childhood development utilizing informations from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study. From the findings, it indicated that entree contributed to the larning potency of the pupils, but the research workers concerned that parents should promote the educational usage of engineering to better academic accomplishment. Apart from that, harmonizing to Lei and Zhao ( 2005 ) , it was explored that the particulars of entree, admiting that measure is non every bit of import as quality when it comes to engineering usage and pupil accomplishment. Specifically, when the quality of engineering usage is non closely monitored or ensured, computing machine usage may make more injury than good to student accomplishment in school. Hunley et Al. ( 2005 ) identified that there is no relationship found between clip spent on the computing machine at place and GPA in a sample of striplings. Technology was found to hold a positive impact on academic accomplishment, or engineering with educational value. However, Kubey, Lavin and Barrows ( 2001 ) , mentioned that other research workers have found that recreational Internet usage is strongly correlated with impaired academic public presentation. The consequences showed that about 10-15 % of survey participants reported experiencing non being in complete control of their Internet usage, and that it has hurt their school assignment. Furthermore, they besides identified that pupils who reported Internet caused school assignment jobs were found to hold spent five times more hours online than those who did non, and they were besides significantly more likely to describe that their Internet usage caused them to remain up tardily, acquire less slumber, and miss categories. The research workers conclude that it is non so much the Internet that causes these jobs as the new societal chances of the Internet. Students who reported academic jobs were more likely to utilize the Internet for real-time societal activities such as IM and confab suites which lead to them to kip tardily at dark. Karpinski and Duberstein ( 2009 ) on their exploratory study survey identified that there is a negative relationship between FB usage and academic accomplishment as measured by self-reported GPA and hours spent analyzing per hebdomad. Hargittai ( 2009 ) stated that there is no grounds found to turn out the relationship of Facebook use with low academic public presentation. Banquil et Al. ( 2009 ) in their research found that societal networking sites do non bespeak negative effects on a pupil ‘s public presentation in school.2.4 Factors of utilizing the societal networking sites among the pupilsYang and Tung ( 2008 ) stated the Internet nuts normally used the web sit es and SNS because of lower self-pride than non-addicts. They are more confident to pass on or socialise through the Internet instead than face to confront with people. Yap ( 2008 ) identified that, the chief factor of utilizing the SNS is because the users need non pay any fees due to the free rank. Furthermore, it is easy to utilize the SNS whereby the users merely need to subscribe up by make fulling the signifier and active the nexus sent via their electronic mail. The pupils and users besides can post advertizements at that place in order to other members of an event that they are hosting. It is besides an chance for them to do new friends, use them every twenty-four hours to chew the fat, play games and connect with friends, household and aliens.2.5 Utility of the societal networking sites towards pupil public presentationThe SNS map as a communicating tools utilizing the engineering connexion between people from different locations, for case the bing of Facebook is to assist residential college and university pupils identify pupils in other abode halls which besides function as an on-line directory that connects people through societal webs at colleges and universities before it is mostly used worldwide. Harmonizing to Pineda ( 2010 ) , the pupils and SNS users used it to maintain in touch by keeping a profile on these sites, their loved 1s, friends and distant relations which they do non hold to name the users every clip merely to remain in touch with one another. Besides that, the pupils can take advantage to post their sketch and certificates to the companies that advertise vacancy in the SNS. Dalsgaard ( n.d. ) discussed how the societal networking may be utilized within university instruction by pupils sharing information and resources that are originally developed for themselves but made available to others such as utilizing bookmarks, mentions, links, and notes. He stated that societal networking sites are non the new Learning Management Systems. He mentioned that the SNs can be used as a treatment forums and other tools for direct communicating and coaction focal point on direct sharing, societal networking can back up pupils ‘ indirect sharing of resources, ideas, thoughts, productions, Hagiographas, notes and others. It will supply the pupils with an increased consciousness and consciousness of the activities of other pupils. Brady, Holcomb and Smith ( 2010 ) identified that education-based SNSs can be used most efficaciously in distance instruction classs as a technological tool to better on-line communications among pupils in higher distance instruction classs. Harmonizing to Barab and Duffy ( 2000 ) and DeSchryver, Mishra, Koehler and Francis ( 2009 ) , they found that distance instruction classs are frequently more successful when they develop communities of pattern while Anderson ( 2005 ) subsequently added that it is besides encourage high degrees of on-line societal presence among pupils. Brady, Holcomb and Smith ( 2010 ) stated that since the SNS facilitate the sharing of information, the engineerings used in SNSs assistance treatment and make familiarity among on-line pupils, as they have their ability to link and construct community in a socially and educationally constructed web. Besides, the article besides stated that SNS created specifically for an educational audience provides a alone chance for pedagogues to ease a strong sense of community among pupils and promote personal interactions that can take to the creative activity of new cognition and corporate intelligence. Smith ( 2009 ) as cited in Brady, Holcomb and Smith ( 2010 ) stated that, class direction systems ( CMS ) such as Blackboard and Moodle, tend to be much focused and lack the personal touch and networking capacity that SNSs offer. For case, teachers utilizing CMS may make a inquiry in an on-line treatment board and each pupil posts a response. However, these pupil stations are truly non interactions at all, but simply inquiry and reply Sessionss. Using an Tin that is user centered compared to CMS, it has the possible to increase pupil battle. SNSs can actively promote on-line community edifice, widening larning beyond the boundaries of the schoolroom. Bai ( 2003 ) , indicated that societal presence leads to cut down feelings of solitariness and emotionlessness while at the same time encouraging pupil interaction and engagement in online classs.2.6 Conceptual ModelEase of usageStudent public presentation SNS use Utility Moderating Variable Dependent Variable Independent VariablesFigure 1: Conceptual ModelFigure 1 shows the relationship on the consequence of utilizing the societal networking sites ( SNS ) towards pupils ‘ public presentation. This conceptual model is developed by the research worker herself based on the literature reappraisal done and gathered from old surveies. The figure shows that there are two factors that lead to the use of the SNS which are the easiness of usage of the SNS itself and the usefulness the SNS bring to the SNS users. The first factor which is easiness of usage refers to several elements such as in them of the clip response of the SNS, the simple regulations and ordinance apply and may be because of the attractive and simple design of the SNS itself. While, the utility can be defined as the benefits or advantages the users obtain in utilizing the SNS. In this survey it focuses more in the utility of SNS in the pupils ‘ public presentation. Besides that, it shows the relationship between the use of the SNS with the pupils ‘ public presentation. The survey wants to place and find whether there is any important relationship on the use of the SNS in the pupils ‘ public presentation.2.7 DecisionThis literature reappraisal provides the brief thoughts and information sing the issues on whether there is any relationship between the uses of the SNS towards pupils ‘ public presentation. It provides findings done by the old research workers on the similar subject and all the supports has been included and further revision in this chapter 2. The following chapter will discourse on the methodological analysis that will be used in the survey. The elaborate information sing the methodological analysis will be farther discussed in the Chapter 3.

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Journey Entry 1 - Personal Statement Example Making fundamental attribution errors is very easy to do. All it requires is the belief that everyone is basically just like you. If you view others only through the lens of your own understanding and experiences, you will start to attribute motives to their actions that are similar to the motives that would cause you to behave in that specific way. It is especially easy to judge another person when you feel that they are basically like you and then they react in a situation that is different than the way you feel you would have reacted if placed in the same situation. In your mind, what they did was wrong. Exercising this sort of judgment opens yourself up to making fundamental attribution errors because you are not taking the broader view of the context of the person’s actions. In my life, I know that I have made this mistake when judging other people. I have been on the receiving end of other’s fundamental attribution errors as well. One of these happened fairly rece ntly. Being on active duty in the Air Force is an exciting career. I am lucky enough to currently be stationed in Japan. Seeing the world is something I have always dreamed of and now I’m getting a chance to do it. I did not think this possible at one time because I am a single parent.

Measuring Success for Riordan Essay Example for Free

Measuring Success for Riordan Essay With the goal of realizing sustainability for the shareholders, Riordan Manufacturing is working towards a growth strategy that will further expand operations globally. Expansion of business outside of the United States and Hangzhou, China will help Riordan gain brand recognition and claim greater market share within their industry. Global operations will also help to streamline shipping processes to overseas customers, and reduce wasted hours and expenditures. With a strategy drawn up and the implementation ready to begin, Riordan Manufacturing needs to realize that progress needs to be tracked. Certain measurement techniques and assessment protocols should be in place to verify that the strategy is implemented properly. In this paper measurement guidelines will be given that will verify strategy effectiveness, assessment and feedback ideas will be outlined, and plans for strategy alterations will be defined. The evaluation and control process ensures that the company is achieving the desired goals and objectives that it is set out to accomplish. In order to setup the most appropriate evaluation process, there are many guidelines for measurement that should be considered. Cost effectiveness, relevance, and validity are attributes that should be considered when measuring outputs and outcomes. A measure is cost effective is the control and information it provides outweighs the cost of producing the data (Governor’s Office of Budget and Planning and Legislative Budget Board, 1992). The measure should also be relevant in that it relates to the company’s goals, objectives and strategies. This information should be used for assessment and decision making as well. In regards to validity, the measure should collect all information that directly relates to the scope of the process or project. All other non relevant information should be filtered and discarded to achieve the results intended. The management team of Riordan Manufacturing needs to determine the specific implementation process to be used and what results will be monitored and evaluated. In addition, the management team will be responsible for setting standards of performance used to measure performance that are detailed expressions of strategic objectives (Wheelen Hunger, 2010). Return on investment (ROI) and earnings per share (EPS) are considered to be appropriate measures that Riordan Manufacturing should use in order to determine if the company is reaching their profitability objectives. These measures are limited in that they do not display real time information and instead focus upon what has already happened. In order to combat this, steering control are used to measure variables that influence future profitability (Wheelen Hunger, 2010). Since Riordan Manufacturing is looking to increase the effectiveness of its customer service, customer satisfaction should be used as one of the company’s steering controls. Customer satisfaction can be measured through scores on the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) or through of process of comparing the total amount of sales with the amount of customer service requests and the time spent dealing with the customer’s problem. This measurement will have a direct impact upon the quarterly profits of the company.

Racism in the African-American Community Essay Example for Free

Racism in the African-American Community Essay Abstract Racism is today perceived as a social and baseless evil that tries to undermine certain individuals based on their skin color. It is entirely evident that the U. S. still suffers from some traces of racism, but surprisingly, a big majority of these cases come from the African-American communities. While many people hold the opinion that the African-Americans are the ones that are always on the receiving end, new polls reveal that they are the ones who show more racist behavior than the whites. This paper addresses some of the reasons that lead to racism among the African-American communities and also outlines how this transition slowly came into place after the advent of the 20th century. Additionally, this paper covers the consequences of this menace and its impact on the kind of peace that is present in today’s free states. Ultimately, this text tries to draw a line on the distinctive barrier between what African-Americans call racism and how Americans perceive the same social evil. It also explains why racism by itself is baseless and bears no meaning to the parties involved. RACISM 3 Racism in the African-American Community. Racism is a social evil that came as a result of slavery that began in the United States immediately after English colonists inhabited Virginia and remained there until the Thirteenth Amendment to the constitution of the U. S. was passed in 1865. During the 90’s more African-Americans underwent oppression from the Americans as the peak of racism was evident during these years more than ever. However, recent polls from Rasmussen reveal an entirely different perspective of the current racism situation in America. The report by Rasmussen indicated that many Americans believe that blacks are indeed more racist than Caucasians. Additionally, the report stated that a huge percent of African-Americans believe that more blacks are indeed racist than whites, and this is backed up by Norton (2011). This report, however, ended up being skewered and mocked by some people as they saw it to be untrue. This calls for a serious assessment into what is the main cause of this drift into racism in the African-American community and how this will impact people’s relationship. Also, it pushes for the need to better understand how racism itself managed to stay alive through the years despite the fact that such practices were long left behind in the recent years. Reasons for Racism Clearly, the deep trail of racism in African-Americans can be coined from the fact that blacks first faced oppression from the whites and this is what led to the ill-bred feeling among African-Americans. However, there are up to three more reasons why African-Americans are turning out to be more racist than Caucasians. These happen to be the most flagrant and thus top the list when it comes to the factors that result into racism. RACISM 4 First, racism in the African-American community may merely be as a result of different stereotypes. The media is also responsible for fueling this kind of attitude towards. African-Americans since it is through televisions, radios, and the internet that most people discover the underlying menace. Ornelas et al. (2009) maintain that whenever young African-Americans are exposed to certain stereotypes, they tend to mimic most of these traits and in turn become negative towards people from other races. In fact, most of these stereotypes are surprisingly among the influential African Americans in the country. During the 50th anniversary of Martin Luther King Junior’s historic speech, black activists displayed exactly this kind of behavior. This was evident through Martin Luther King III who used this opportunity to stir up racial hatred instead of honoring the work of his father. Another reason for the prevalence of racism amongst the African-American community is the unfamiliarity that is present among newborns and how they are treated in the real world. This is probably the main reason why African-Americans are slowly displaying racist behavior (Okazaki, 2009). However, this doesn’t always happen, but only after the innocent party has been brainwashed by negative stereotypes. A workaround for this is to ensure that children are exposed to people from different races at a young age so that they could get used to being around people who they deem different. This additionally helps in counterbalancing any negative and untrue stereotypes that may present themselves in the future. Selfishness, coupled with pain and anger, is also another valid reason why racism is on the rise among African-Americans (Lambert, 2009). Selfishness may have depicted itself among white people in the past, however, the case is different today. The sad truth is that this selfishness led to the creation of negative stereotypes that ultimately led to a new line of different-minded persons (Martin, 2011). Also, selfishness comes in when an African-American would feel more RACISM 5 compelled to spend more time around people of the same skin color because they he/she may have been exposed only to African-Americans during childhood age. Selfishness coupled with rage for the people who inflicted pain on their forefathers leads to hatred that is directed to white people. Why Racism among African-Americans Will Not End Soon Recently, renowned television icon Oprah Winfrey stepped up to state that racism will only end when old racists perish (Newsbusters. org, 2014). While this sounds logical from one perspective, it fails to address the fact that these stereotypes will never cease to exist any time soon. In most cases, racists will always give birth to racists and the cycle is perpetual. Therefore, despite attempts to curb racism in the African-American community, this menace is still too far from being over as new racists will always come back to replace their mothers and fathers. It is also worth noting that this doesn’t only happen among the African-Americans, but also among the whites as well. Another reason why racism among the African-Americans is far from being over is because they are seen to put so much emphasis on themselves whenever the word â€Å"racism† is mentioned. During the same interview that was conducted by BBC Friday, Winfrey’s comment â€Å"Are there places where people still get terrorized just because of the color of their black skin color? † further showed how most people only view racism in the eyes of how blacks are treated. Looking at the problem this narrowly makes it more difficult to end the menace as the racism chain won’t end if everyone simply defended their skin colors (Bonilla-Silva, 2010). In sum, it can be seen that racism in the African-American community can only be contained but certainly not dealt away with within a year. RACISM 6. How Racism Can Be Contained The fact that racism is not ending in the near future doesn’t necessarily mean that nothing can be done about it. It will certainly take years for the world to heal from this habit, but there are small but significant ways of ensuring that racism slowly fades away in the African-American communities. The first is by educating young African-Americans to reject any form of history of America that has elements of slavery in it (Shelby, 2009). By reminding the blacks about slavery may induce a feeling of resentment towards white people despite the fact that slavery ended decades ago. African Americans also bear the responsibility of desisting from using derisive words such as â€Å"nigger† or any variations associated to it (Cone, 2010). This is because when blacks utter these words, they also tend to inflict the same kind of attitude in people from other races. Additionally, African-Americans should cease supporting black-only institutions or media houses such as BET and Ebony magazine. Generally, anything that depicts the word â€Å"black† should be avoided since it strikes a line between how different Caucasians are from African-Americans, something that is not true (Boykin, 2012). Finally, African-Americans should learn to appreciate the art of decent dressing and totally avoid the use of Ebonics, an African-American slang that is widely used among black individuals. While this may seem far-fetched, it is one step away from ending racism since it shows that even African Americans are trying to fit in with the whites and simply not creating a larger barrier. Collaboration with law enforcement agencies will also be a huge step because this additionally shows that they too are concerned about the well-being of their neighbors and their security as well. RACISM 7 Consequences of Racism. Should African-American racism persist, there are a number of things that could happen. Hatred between African-Americans and whites would cause a drift between them, and this could easily spread to people from other races as well. The levels of cooperation would plummet and at the end of the day, nothing would get done (Pieterse, 2010). Other than stirred levels of cooperation, it is likely that some people might get displaced from their homes especially when lands start being claimed by the original inhabitants of a place. Discrimination also leads to poor mental health. In 2009, a Cornwell News Study conducted a study on the effects of racism and results showed that poor mental health is possible and it comes as a result of chronic exposure to discrimination (Brondolo, 2009). Ultimately, there would be total havoc if racism were to have its way for there would be zero tolerance for someone with a different skin color regardless of that person’s character. Wars could easily erupt between black individuals and white individuals, and a drift will end up crippling collaboration between people and thus resulting to a sluggish economy. In summary, there is no place for racism today. It has proved to be a social evil that discriminates individuals based on their color rather than character. Racism, however is seen to come from three main factors which include: unfamiliarity among people of different outlooks, selfishness among people of different colors who only wish for their people to benefit, and the presence of certain stereotypes that are transfixed to the racial practice. It is also mandatory to acknowledge the fact that racism is not an evil that could possibly end overnight because certain individuals have inclined it to a specific group of people and not everyone in general. As such, there will always be complaints regarding racist behavior since most individuals are readily RACISM 8 prepared to cry out for their rights without considering that other people may be facing bigger challenges than them. One way of containing racism would be to ensure that the racist stereotype is dealt away with completely or segregated from children who could easily pick up the negative racist behavior from their elders. Additionally, African-Americans also have a big role to play in ending this discrimination since they seem to be creating a drift between black individuals and white individuals when they only support their brands such as the BET channel and the popular Ebony magazine. The consequences of racism in the African-American community are also grave as they can result to a much bigger drift between whites and blacks in which it would be easy for some people to be displaced from their homes and even be denied jobs. Possibilities of wars are also very high since there would be zero tolerance to a person who doesn’t respect another person just because of their skin color. RACISM 9 Annotated Bibliography Bonilla-Silva, E. (2010). Racism Without Racists: Color-blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in the United States;[new Chapter on the Obama Phenomenon]. Rowman Littlefield. In this book, Bonilla-Silva, E outlines how racism can persist without the presence or racists themselves. It shows the reality of racism in today’s world and explains the roots of racism and racial inequality in the United States with a lot of emphasis on U. S. president Barrack Obama and the challenges that are faced at the presidential level. Boykin, K. (2012). ONE MORE RIVER TO CROSS (BLACK AND GAY IN AMERICA). Boykin, K explains the different challenges that blacks have to face when seeking their true identity in the U.S. and what life means for them in the U. S. The book goes further to explain how gay African-Americans find it challenging to fit in a world that already has more than enough hurdles to cross and enough reasons to make the weak quit. Brondolo, E. , ver Halen, N. B. , Pencille, M. , Beatty, D. , Contrada, R. J. (2009). Coping with racism: A selective review of the literature and a theoretical and methodological critique. Journal of behavioral medicine, 32(1), 64-88. This book gives an overview on the way that African Americans try to cope with the kind of racism that they are subjected to in the U.S. It greatly focuses on the impact of this kind of discrimination on the African Americans and what this means for them. Brondolo, E also highlights key factors that cause this racism. Cone, J. H. (2010). A black theology of liberation. Orbis Books. Cone’s A black theology of liberation highlights the Christian-based perspective of oppressed blacks but mainly looks at the Cone’s own reflections on black theology. The book goes ahead to explain how racism can be ridded and it also looks at some of the roots of racism itself. Cone also relives the liberation process that led to the freedom of the blacks, but the book also highlights the hidden traces of racism that are still evident today. Lambert, S. F. , Herman, K. C. , Bynum, M. S. , Ialongo, N. S. (2009). Perceptions of racism and depressive symptoms in African American adolescents: The role of perceived academic and social control. Journal of youth and adolescence, 38(4), 519-531. This book reviews some of the underlying factors that lead to depression in African American adolescents as a result of heavy subjection to discrimination from racism. The book also briefly touches on some of the causes of racism and explains how racism develops in young people and its impact as they become older. Martin, M. J. , McCarthy, B. , Conger, R. D. , Gibbons, F. X. , Simons, R. L. , Cutrona, C. E. , Brody, G. H. (2011). The enduring significance of racism: Discrimination and delinquency among black American youth. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21(3), 662-676. Martin, M. J. and other writers analyze the impacts of racism in the African American community and explains its significance in cultivating the kind of peace that is evident in today’s time. His main focus, however, lies in the discrimination of black American RACISM 10 youth by the whites and what this causes in the long run. He establishes how the negative stereotypes are formed as a result of the discrimination that the youths face. Newsbusters. org. (2014). Oprah: racists have to die for racism to end | newsbusters. org [online] Retrieved from: http://newsbusters. org/blogs/noel-sheppard/2013/11/15/oprah-racists-have-die-racism-end [Accessed: 8 Feb 2014]. This article outlines a transcript from an interview between Oprah Winfrey and BBC Friday regarding racism. In the article, Oprah is asked about her views on racism and various ways in which she thinks would put an end to the perpetual menace that has crippled our world today. The article also outlines an important factor that shows why racism won’t end soon, and how the African Americans are fueling the perpetuating racism act. Norton, M. I. , Sommers, S. R. (2011). Whites see racism as a zero-sum game that they are now losing. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(3), 215-218. Norton, M. I. , Sommers, S. R. reveal the truth behind what whites really perceive as racism today and the effects of racism in a world that has moved way ahead of racism. The two authors go further to explain why racism among the whites is baseless and bears no real truth or inner meaning other than the fact that it is a social evil that once existed in the past. Okazaki, S. (2009). Impact of racism on ethnic minority mental health. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(1), 103-107. Okazaki explains the effects of racism on the mental health of the minority in the state. He also outlines some of the other non-health related mishaps that come as a result of social oppression. In his book, he states what would eventually happen if racism were to go on without showing any signs of ending soon. He however focuses on the effect this would have on the ethnic minority. Ornelas, I. J. , Amell, J. , Tran, A. N. , Royster, M. , Armstrong-Brown, J. , Eng, E. (2009). Understanding African American mens perceptions of racism, male gender socialization, and social capital through photovoice. Qualitative health research, 19(4), 552-565. This book tries to understand African American men’s perceptions of racism and the new trend of some African Americans feeling more racially discriminated than people of other races. It also highlights some of the reasons that lead to the prevalence of this notion among African Americans. Ornelas also explains why racism is a social evil that cannot be expelled overnight. Pieterse, A. L. , Carter, R. T. (2010). The role of racial identity in perceived racism and psychological stress among Black American adults: Exploring traditional and alternative approaches. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40(5), 1028-1053. Pieterse, along with Carter seek to understand how racism is perceived by African American individuals aged over 21 years. Their book also strives to find the deeper meaning as to why racism is a bigger matter than we thought of it. It also explains reasons why getting rid of racism would be a great feat. RACISM 11 Shelby, T. (2009). We who are dark: The philosophical foundations of black solidarity. Harvard University Press. We who are dark tries to relive the African American history in an attempt to unite blacks. It emphasizes on the importance of dealing away with racism and living in unity as one big family. Shelby’s book also highlights the key differences between the perceptions of both whites and blacks with regard to racism. It also shows us how history has helped in cultivating black solidarity.

Current market situation of Tesco

Current market situation of Tesco Tesco Plc is the UKs largest retailer and the 4th in the world (after Wal-Mart, Carrefour and Metro AG). Tesco was established in 1919 by Jack Cohen. The Tesco brand first appeared in 1924. Then the first Tesco store was opened in 1929 in Burnt Oak, Edgware, London. Tescos businesses operate in the Europe, the USA and Asia with over 470,000 employees. In 2010 their revenue was in excess of  £56,910 million which was an increase of 5.6% over 2009. The operating profit of the company in 2010 was  £3,457 million which was grown 9.1% comparing to 2009. The net profit was rose by 9.3% over 2009 with  £2,336 million and  £2,138 million respectively. With approximately 4,800 stores in 14 countries around the world, its products and services include: Store types: Extra, Superstore, Metro, Express, Homeplus, Tesco.com Store offerings: Food Retail, Non-Food Retail, Petrol Stations, Home Living Range Tesco Personal Finance: (Tesco Bank) Life Insurance, Pet Insurance, Home Insurance, Travel Insurance, Motor Insurance, Credit cards, Savings Accounts, Personal Loans, Secure Investment Bonds, Online Mortgage Finder Tesco Telecom: Dial up internet access, Broadband, Tesco mobile value SIM, Tesco mobile network, Mobile phones 2/ With about 24% revenue of the total, non-food is a business generates the most revenue of Tesco. In 2010, group non-food sales rose 6.2% to  £13.1 billion with  £9.0 billion in the UK and  £4.1 billion in International. The non food retailing was created with the multi arrangements and they focus on price strategy that low cost structure together with improved merchandising skills. Teesport as an example that help them get better, simpler and cheaper. Moreover, a non-food performance is significantly very strong in the UK with steadily improving like-for-like sales during the year to add another leg to growth. Although the downturn, non-food performance has been definitely resilient and contributed to bring Tesco becomes one of the top retailers in the world. 3/ UK is one of the most important key strategies of Tesco. UK has delivered a good performance in a challenging market achieving a 4.2% increase in sales with profits rising 6.7% to  £2.4 billion in 2010. They focus on helping customers spend less time and price with new products and high quality services to earn customers faithful. Clubcard is example for thank you to their customers. Customers earned  £550 million in voucher from Clubcard. However, they have faced a number of impediments of the UK retail market. In addition, according to the Competition Commissions report that it is actually not easy for a competitor to challenge its scale. Therefore, Tesco still remains the top position of domestic market. 4/ Tescos international business is growing steadily and they are non-stop trying to expand its business to over the world. Although there is a challenging global economic environment and the start-up losses in US business, Tesco significantly keeps a symbol for a gigantic development today when their international business generates 22% with 16% of the Retailing Services markets of profits and  £19.4 billion of group sales in 2010. Increasingly, Tesco draws on their skill and capabilities to utilize their international sourcing such as FF clothing now in ten countries, Discount Brands now in seven markets, Clubcard was introduced in seven countries with more Clubcard holders internationally than in the UK. They will also open 8.5 million square feet in addition in 2011. Tescos strategy is working we have grown sales, profits and market shares and we have continued to invest in the drivers of future growth. Moreover, beside Europe and US, Asia is definitely a potential market when they increase 23.9% of profits with  £9,072 million of sales in 2010. Tesco has continued regional strength and grown well although the economics have been on crisis. 5/ In 2007, Tesco became the UKs largest non-food retailer and the similar trends are occurring in Europe. Additionally, Tesco took part in a joint venture with O2 to found the Tesco Mobile mobile virtual network operator by 2007. One year later, they were the number one mobile network in UK customer service. Furthermore, in 2008, Tesco combined in a joint venture with the Royal Bank of Scotland with 50% share holding and their revenue was  £49,522 million on this year although the economic downturn. Q2. 1/ Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is one of the most important parts of company to take the interests of all stakeholders through their decision-making processes which is balanced with shareholders benefits. Tescos opinion is that CRS is not a specialist function in Tesco, it is a part of everybodys job every day. They use Steering Wheel a balanced scorecard of the key elements of their business to create the new Community Promises: Actively supporting local communities Buying and selling our products responsibly Caring for the environment Giving customers healthy choices Creating good jobs and careers Particularly, the Community Plans are used for all markets and help them change the way they do business, for example by reducing our carbon emissions. Through Customer Question Times (CQTs), meetings and surveys, Tesco talks to customers and other stakeholders in each region to identify local priorities. Moreover, throughout the year 2010, Tesco gave over  £60 million in donations to charities and contributions to community projects including cause-related marketing, gifts-inkind, staff time and management costs. In the other hand, 16,000 jobs were created in Tesco this year including 9,000 in the UK. 2/ Sustainability are not only a project but it is also a way of business and consumers expect it. The Sustainable Consumption Institute (SCI) was established with a  £25 million commitment to the University of Manchester. The SCI aims to perform some subjects about how to make a consumer society sustainable. There are some actions which Tesco have done to respond to the challenge of sustainability as: Sustainable products (Biofuels, Palm oil, Genetically modified (GM) foods, Timber): help customers reduce their carbon footprint and decrease their use of fossil fuels, reduce the chances of deforestation and controls on CO2 emissionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Supporting UK farmers (suppliers): The Tesco Sustainable Beef Project launched in 2008 to improve productivity and profitability as well as the tenderness and flavour of beef. The Tesco Sustainable Dairy Group (TSDG) was established in 2008 to provide expertise in cattle health and welfare for farmers. Forum for the Future: Tesco works with leading organizations in business and the public sector to create a sustainable future as the sustainable development charity. 3/ Climate change is continuously the main strategic challenge in CSR of Tesco. Among their endeavour to engage employees overcome climate change, Energy Champions is appeared in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Malaysia, Poland, Slovakia, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey and the UK. Energy Champions are responsible for reducing energy consumption in stores through engaging staff and implementing energy-saving measures. Tescos climate change programme has three main parts: Leading by example: reducing our own direct carbon footprint Working with our supply chains and partners to reduce emissions more broadly Leading a revolution in green consumption. Extraordinarily, Tesco uses a 50:50 biodiesel mix in their own vehicles; offering Clubcard points for customers to reusing carrier bags, and their customers have took over 400 million fewer free plastic bags by the end of April 2007; putting an aero plane symbol on all air-freighted products because this method of transport results in far higher carbon emissions than any other. 4/ Remarkably, Tesco asked for stakeholders feedback on their quality, material issues, strategy and performance. Particularly, there are some evidences with external stakeholders as follow: Customers: Using Customer Question Time (CQT) to identify customers changing needs and help them listen to customers responses on quality and service. Suppliers: Organizing regular meetings with suppliers, processors, manufacturers and get feedback of them by annual Viewpoint survey. Additionally, Tesco provides training course and capacity building for suppliers in appropriate places. Producer Clubs was launched to share experiences together. Governments and regulators: Planning processes and consultations on new regulations including healthy eating and alcohol. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs): In 2008, Tesco operated many meetings with NGOs to discuss issues including climate change, biofuels, ethical trading and animal welfare. They also provide information as request and take part to research and surveys from NGOs. Q3. 1/ As many large corporations, Tesco have been criticized by others companies, writers and organizations. The major way that Tesco have applied is issue writs for criminal defamation and civil libel. Then, they involved in litigation for claims form personal injury from customers, staff and other commercial matters (for example, against The Guardian newspaper about corporation tax in 2007). In the other hand, Tesco usually faced to opposition by government and local people to their expansion. They must adjust their plan to adapt requirement of them (for example, Tesco open a store in Birmingham in 2007; a No Mill Road Tesco campaign is against Tesco opening a store on Cambridges Mill Road in 2007). In some cases, Tesco must retreat their plans (for example, Tesco build a store in Tonypandy, South Wales in 2008 and a store on Hope Street, Liverpool in 2009). 2/ In the financial year 2008 2009, Tesco like other large companies, they also decreased on the market because of the economics downturn. Unquestioningly, Tesco has an abundant capability in the finance market with reputation brand. However, its non-stop in that, Tesco decided to tie up with the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) in 2008 with 50% of share holding. RBS operates in insurance and banking. They have a good market position with  £49,522 million of revenue in 2008. After cooperating with RBS, Tesco launched consumer banking to service customers needs and loyalty. They offered the bank accounts to the customers for saving time. It can be clearly seen that it appears a reciprocal relation on their businesses between retail and banking. Actually, consumer banking is a good way to sustain the facilities of retailing services which support to their major business as well. Through the deal, Tesco entered the financial market and handled the financial crisis impressively with  £5 00 million profit in 2009. Total customers are  £5.5 million with  £1.3 million of Bank Credit card accounts. Basically, that is a strategic decision which helps Tesco not only overcame the difficult period but also continuously grow with the successful efforts. Q4. 1/ In 2010, with 287,669 employees and 2,482 stores, Tesco has a significant growth in the core UK business. Then, the UK still remains as the biggest market of Tesco with  £38,558 million of revenue which is increased 4.2% in 2010. In fact, although two-thirds of the groups shop floor space is now overseas, but two-thirds of group sales and 70% of profits still come from the UK. They offer five types of stores including Metro, Extra, Express, Homeplus and Superstore. In addition, non-food retailing market is continued a goal which Tesco aims. Group non-food sales rose 6.2% to  £13.1 billion with  £9 billion in UK in 2010. It evidences that their business has been very strong through the economics crisis. They focus on improving greater value to get more customers who have been encouraged to try non-food range with some key categories such as electrical, entertainment, toys and clothing. 2/ Core Strength: Tesco is currently ranked the third largest global grocery retailer but the second largest based on profit behind Wal-Mart with approximately 4,810 stores in 14 countries within the Europe, the USA and Asia. In addition, the company occupied 30.7% share of the UK grocery retail market in 2010. One of the strategic capabilities of Tesco is a strong financial performance. In 2010, their revenue rose to 5.6% with around  £56,910 million comparing to 2009. The products and services are provided in accordance with the market demands is the first strategy of them. Taking full advantage of development and usefulness of internet over the world, online non-food retail (Tesco Direct) business has significantly matured over 50% through 2009. Tesco provides Clubcard to give customers greater reward for their loyalty to increase investment. Today Tesco has 15 million active Clubcard holders over seven countries in the world. 3/ Undoubtedly, Tesco is actually a leader on innovation to achieve the high profit and position on business. Innovative products and services is becoming a major competitive advantage in the retailing industry today. Therefore, Tesco focuses on better value of services and products than concentrate on pricing alone. Additionally, the companys aim is improving customers shopping experience as easy as possible (many types of stores). Furthermore, Tescos innovation success is ability to control margin well. There are many kinds of goods with low price or sometime an amazing price. Clubcard is also a great success of Tescos innovation. It attracts consumers and influences the behavior of secondary customers to bring them into the fold. Q5. 1/ Tescos vision is to strive and achieve the highest standards, to ensure the long-term access to quality produce and maintain their position as the UKs number 1 of supermarket. Their core purpose is To create value for customers to earn their lifetime loyalty through their values are No-one tries harder for customers by Understand customers; Be first to meet their needs; Act responsibly for our communities and they Treat people as we like to be treated. It can be clearly seen that the way they treat their customers, staffs and suppliers in a culture of Trust and respect each other would help them to raise not only their profits but also their Cooperate Social Responsibilities in where their businesses operate. 2/ Tescos mission statement is to retain loyal customers. That means they want people shop at Tesco frequently and permanently. To achieve the statement, they must set themselves aims. Tesco aims are to maintain customers with excellent values for their money and the top customer service. Customers can enjoy different experiences through many kinds of ranges such as goods and services and many types of stores including luxurious stores. In the other hand, they offer low prices to attract more customers. Furthermore, Tesco also keep their customers loyal to them by providing Clubcard to encourage customers shopping with them to get extra points and special voucher. In fact that Tesco revenue is continuously increased annual. Additionally, Tesco defined their mission clearly with what is the main segment they focus on. Therefore, Tesco significantly have a right strategy and action to support their mission. 3/ Tescos objectives are: To be a successful international retailer To grow the core UK business To be as strong in non-food as in food To develop retailing services such as Tesco Personal Finance, Telecoms and Tesco.com To put community at the heart of what we do Tesco comprehends what they pay attention and their capacities. Undoubtedly, profit is always the first concern of all companies and their shareholders. They expand their sales and profit by focusing on the UK business, non-food and retailing services as well as maintaining their position as the number one retail company in the UK and the top retail company in the world. Accomplishing these targets mean that Tesco surpasses their competitors and preserves the market leader. Moreover, providing goods and services that is cheap and affordable to consumers or the public as a strategy will also support Tescos objectives. Tesco demonstrates that they are trying to achieve their goals totally with successful efforts during past time. 4/ People are entirely a key strategy that every company has to focus on. To motivate staffs Tesco offers a competitive salary, an opportunity to develop a long-term varied career with quality training and especially many good benefits. Basically, all employees have healthcare cash plan and a chance to join pension scheme from the day they start. Some managers and senior managers will be provided private medical insurance. Others policies are standard 20 days for holiday, then 25 days for five year service at Tesco. A lot of staffs work in part-time, thus they are also offered emergency leave, career breaks, shift swaps and flexible hours. Additionally, Tesco built affordable housing to offer for its employees in London. Moreover, staffs are encouraged to involve in the financial performance of the company through a variety of schemes, principally the Tesco employee profit-sharing scheme (Shares in Success), the savings related share option scheme (Save As You Earn) and the partnersh ip share plan (Buy As You Earn). Remarkably,  £175 million payout was shared for all staffs through Save As You Earn (Sharesave) scheme with high appreciates of employees. Above all others, Tesco give a strategy to make its staffs understand and want to contribute their best to the companys development through the companys values.

Political Campaign Finance Reform Essay -- essays research papers

With the upcoming presidential election, it has been interesting to learn about things as they are actually happening in our country today. Among the many issues that surround the race to the office, financing the presidential election seems to be a major topic that is always in the public eye.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many different views on how the election should be financed but it is hard to tell how far government funding and donations can go before democracy is left behind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After President Nixon and the Watergate controversy in 1971, the United States began to put limits on how much a candidate could receive and spend within a campaign. In order to enforce fairness between candidates, Congress created the Federal Election Committee (FEC), making the government the superior source of funds for Presidential elections. The FEC restricts the amount of money an individual can donate to a candidate and the amount that can be indirectly contributed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some would object to these limits because they feel that government money could be better spent on other issues rather then on the campaign and supporters should provide funding for their favorable candidates. Government spending on presidential elections has gone up rapidly as media exposure and touring have become increasingly popular among Presidential hopefuls. However since our government is based on majority rule, minorities with these beliefs are...

Interweaving Characters and Surroundings in Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights :: Wuthering Heights Essays

Wuthering Heights:  Ã‚   Interweaving Characters and Surroundings  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Definitive criteria for judging the success or failure of a work of fiction are not easily agreed upon; individuals almost necessarily introduce bias into any such attempt.   Only those who affect an exorbitantly refined artistic taste, however, would deny the importance of poignancy in literary pieces.   To be sure, writings of dubious and fleeting merit frequently enchant the public, but there is too the occasional author who garners widespread acclaim and whose works remain deeply affecting despite the passage of time.   The continued eminence of the fiction of Emily Bronte attests to her placement into such a category of authors: it is a recognition of her propensity to create poignant and, indeed, successful literature.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights is a novel about lives that cross paths and are intertwined with one another. Healthcliff, an orphan, is taken in by Mr. Earnshaw, the owner of Wuthering Heights. Mr. Earnshaw has two children named Catherine and Hindley. Jealousy between Hindley and Healthcliff was always a problem. Catherine loves Healthcliff, but Hindley hates the stranger for stealing his fathers affection away. Catherine meets Edgar Linton, a young gentleman who lives at Thrushcross Grange. Despite being in love with Healthcliff she marries Edgar elevating her social standing. The characters in this novel are commingled in their relationships with Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. The setting used throughout the novel Wuthering Heights, helps to set the mood to describe the characters. We find two households separated by the cold, muddy, and barren moors, one by the name of Wuthering Heights, and the other Thrushcross Grange. Each house stands alone, in the mist of the dreary land, and the atmosphere creates a mood of isolation. These two places, Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange differ greatly in appearance and mood. These differences reflect the universal conflict between storm and calm that Emily Bronte develops as the theme. Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange both represent several opposing properties which bring about all sorts of bad happenings when they clash. For example, the inhabitants of Wuthering Heights were that of the working class, while those of Thrushcross Grange were high up on the social ladder. The people of Wuthering Heights aspired to be on the same level as the Lintons. This is evident by Heathcliff and Catherine when the peek through their window. In addition, Wuthering Heights was always in a state of storminess while Thrushcross Grange always seemed calm.

Court System Structure

The state court system and the federal court system have similar codes of conduct, but they do have their differences. The state court system hears way more cases than the federal courts, and get more personally involved due to the issues being right in their own backyard. The state of California has 58 superior courts (trial courts) which reside in each of the 58 counties. It is here where any, and all, issues pertaining to civil and criminal cases, as well as family, probate, and juvenile cases are heard. This is where the bulk of California’s judiciary justice is served. If a case is appealed it is taken up the ladder to one of California’s six Courts of Appeal. According to courtinfo. ca. gov (2011), â€Å"The State legislature divided the state geographically into six appellate districts, each containing a Court of Appeal. † (About California Courts, para. 2). The Supreme Court of California sits at the apex of authority in the state's judicial system (courtinfo. a. gov, 2011). Cases that have been questioned in the Court of Appeal must be reviewed by the Supreme Court, as well as any case in which a trial court has issued the death penalty. The federal court system has a similar structure to the state court system. The lowest level is the federal district court. The district court hears the civil and criminal cases that pertain to the potential unconstitutionality or impartiality of a specific state court. Federal accusations of fraud and drug crimes can also be seen here. The next level, similar to the state court system, is the U. S. Court of Appeals. This is the intermediary appellate court level where cases that have been appealed are reviewed. Atop this is the United States Supreme Court, the highest form of authority in the country. It is here where few cases are officially sent to trial, but instead cases may be reviewed by one or a group of the justices and sent back down the line.

Impulse to Create Art Essay

This paper will provide a brief explanation on why humans have a great tendency to be creative and impulsive in creating art. This presumption will be based on the readings that have been used for class. Although not greatly thorough in it is depth and breadth in its analysis, Raymond Carver’s Cathedral and Emily Dickinson’s I died for Beauty are but an infinitesimal example on how humans have always had great capabilities in creating whatever it is they put their minds into. The Possibilities of Change and Creation: An Essay on the Human’s Impulse to Create Art To Live. That is one of Man’s most basic instinct. This is so intrinsic that one of the last taboos of the modern world is the acceptance of self-annihilation. Robert, the main protagonist in Carver’s Cathedral is more than just an ignorant man, he is the kind that couldn’t even bear to name the blind man who was his house guest. Compare him to the speaker in Dickinson’s I Died for Beauty, who has â€Å"scarcely adjusted herself† when she befriends the man who had died for truth. These two very dead people are more alive than the whiskey-sipping Robert. But there is the inevitable change, of the possibility of change: â€Å"I dwell in Possibility– /A fairer House than Prose– /More numerous of Windows– /Superior–for Doors—† (Dickinson, 1886, p. 926). It is this possibility, this impulse of life that makes us different from the written lives that we are constantly made to read. Give any child a pen and a paper, regardless of its ability to write, it will surely know as if by instinct that the pen is used to create something on paper. This same child with its impulse to throw or to taste plastic blocks will also surely put one block on top of the other, to form something even a shape crooked and unstable. It is a genetic imprint in us, and will remain in us as long as we live—because, that possibility exists. Moreover, as Dickinson had equated Truth and Beauty, those two noble purposes of artistic creation – this is Man surpassing time and death. To create is to leave a testament to our existence that we are reading the words of long-dead people attest to the supremacy of creation over time and death. Robert, dead-like in his ignorance and inarticulacy, and the other man, blind but seeing the possibilities of life—together these two men who are temporarily brought together by death (the blind man’s wife) are drawn to create a Cathedral. The cathedral, that massive structure of faith, stone and of the ego that Robert is unable to describe to the man but with whom now he is able to draw with – that pen and paper drawing of that idea: â€Å"So we kept on with it. His fingers rode my fingers as my hand went over the paper. It was like nothing else in my life up to now† (Carver, 1984, p. 455). For until that time that we could do something on our own, even if it is riding our own bike or making our first lopsided ashtray, we are but half-alive. We to have these cathedrals in our minds, and as long as the moss has not covered our lips, â€Å"The spreading wide my narrow Hands/To gather Paradise—† (Carver, 1984, p. 455), we too are free to the possibilities of life. And with life is creation—with small fidgety fingers, we can still tap that subway tune or doodle in Chemistry class. We can still look at the sky with flight in our minds. It is life. References Carver, R. (1984). Cathedral. Ed. R. DiYanni. Literature, Reading Fiction, Poetry, And Drama. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007. (p. 455) Dickinson, E. (1886). I Died For Beauty. Ed. R. DiYanni. Literature, Reading Fiction, Poetry, And Drama. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007. (p. 926)

Expulsion of Moors

In 1492, Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II conducted a terms in which Muslims are allowed to preserve their mosques and religious institutions, to retain the use of their language and to continue to abide by their own laws and customs. But within seven years these terms had been broken. The Moors, the descendants of the Muslim population, were given a choice between to convert to Christianity or exile. For the majority, baptism was the only practical option. So the Spanish Moors became the â€Å"New Christians† and subject to the jurisdiction of the Inquisition. The moors had to abandon the Arabic language, uncover their faces, and forced to let their doors opened. For most â€Å"new Christans†, their conversion weren’t absolute, the Moors act like Christian, but continued to practice Islam in secret. They lead a double life with a clear conscience because certain Islamic religious authorities allowed that, under a threat, Muslims might apply the principle of â€Å" TAQUIYA† . they may drink wine, eat pork and uncover their faces. A person who refused to drink wine or eat pork might be denounced as a Muslim to the Inquisition. In 1567 Philip II renewed an edict which had never been strictly enforced, making the use of Arabic illegal and prohibiting Islamic religion, dress and customs. This edict resulted in the Rebellion of the Alpujarras (1568-1570), which were suspected to corroborate with the Turks. During The uprising Moriscos get help from Turkish and Moroccan volunteers. The uprising was brutally suppressed by Don John of Austria. By the spring of 1571, the Moriscos were massacred and defeated. Some were killed and others were deported under inhumane conditions. Moors were suspected to corroborate with the Turks, a permanent solution by the inquisitions which to proceed with the expulsion of the Moors. On April 09, 1609, King Philip III of Spain decreed the Expulsion of the Moriscos. The Spanish government systematically forced Moriscos to leave the kingdom for Muslim North Africa. The majority of the forced emigrants settled in the Maghrib or Barbary Coast, especially in Oran, Tunis, Tlemcen, Tetuan, Rabat and Sale.

Falling in Love

Falling in Love â€Å"Hey, hellooo, man what is wrong with you? You have been acting strange lately and I think it has something to do with you falling in love. † Nicole said. â€Å"Yea, falling in love has some weird effects on me. † Kendall responded. The two girls continue to chatter about the effects of falling in love. Falling in love can have a variety of devastating and enjoyable effects such as always have a companion, getting a major increase in self-esteem, and last but no least losing focus in school and schoolwork.One of the most serene effects of falling in love is always having a companion. My friend Kendall used to feel lonely all of the time. You see she was the only one in our clique that had yet to experience falling in love with someone. All of that changed the day she fell in love with her now permant lover. Now Kendall never feels lonely. For example, every single day Kendall’s lover stops by her house just to spend a little time with her. Ke ndall is now in love and not a single day goes by that Kendal even thinks about being lonely.When I finally fall in love I hope to be like Kendall and have a great effect of falling in love like having a companion. â€Å"Man, do you know that I got a D- in Mr. Merjetski’s class? I went and asked him about it and he told me that if I wasn’t so busy falling in love with you and got busy with my schoolwork that I could’ve and would’ve done better. † Falling in love at times can have a negative effect such as losing focus in school and your schoolwork. A few of my friends are in love and their schoolwork is starting to become affected.They spend most of their class time focusing on their lovers instead of their schoolwork. Statistics show that when a high school teenager is in love that their grades in school seem to drop. Falling in love takes a lot of focus and most teens lose focus in school just to focus on falling in love. Self-esteem is self-resp ect. The dictionary defines self-esteem as confidence in your own merit as an individual person. Falling in love can have a very optimistic effect like getting a major increase in self-esteem.Most of my friends that are falling in love or have fallen in love are now more confident in themselves. For example, Rachael had very little to none self-esteem. When she fell in love with her current lover he complimented her everyday for different stuff. He complimented her hair, style, and one time he even complimented the color of the nail polish she had on. After receiving all those compliments Rachael’s confidence of herself slowly but surely began to buildup. Like most of my friends after falling in love my confidence too began to intensify.Falling in love can be an incredible experience with excellent effects like getting a boost of self-esteem, and having a companion. With every good there comes a bad. Falling in love can have some unpleasant effects such as losing focus on sch ool and schoolwork. These are the three effects that my friends have experience in falling in love. So my advice to you is to fall in love, and experience it just as my friends have. Even though falling in love has its ups and downs it is still worth a shot.

The Grapes of Wrath: A Warning to the System

The Grapes of Wrath, author John Steinbeck create s and shifts tone to show the failure of the economic system and how that failure causes people's anger anger to grow inside them, like grapes, growing ripe for harvest. At the beginning of the chapter, the tone is positive. He describes California in the spring, using positive diction such as â€Å"beautiful† and â€Å"full green hills† (Paragraph 1).H e also describes al of the crops, how the tree limbs â€Å"bend gradually under the fruit† because t here is so much of it. Steinbeck makes nature seem perfect; the hills are â€Å"round and soft as break SST† and the men are â€Å"of understanding and knowledge† (paragraphs 2 and 3). He creates a sense o f hope which is only to be destroyed later on in the chapter. In paragraph 5, the fruit begins t o ripen. This is when money is introduced: â€Å"Hell, we can't pick ‘me for that. † Right away, with the nit reduction of money, the tone s hifts from positive to negative.Words such as â€Å"hell† and cool Ours like â€Å"black† and â€Å"red† are used. The reason for this shift in tone IS because the starving pee people are angry because there is an over abundance of food that is just being wasted. Paragraph pH 12 simply says â€Å"And the smell of rot fills the country. † This describes all of the wasted food, the e word â€Å"rot† insinuates that the economic system stinks. Sanchez 2 The last few paragraphs are a warning to the system. In paragraph 13, Steins eek uses parallelism: â€Å"Burn coffee for fuel in the ships [s] laughter the pigs and bury t me† (paragraph 13).He does this to emphasize how this was deliberately being done just so a profit could be made. He writes about how crime â€Å"goes beyond denunciation† (paragraph 14) . People are so desperate for food that they are willing to do anything to get it. Children die b cause â€Å"a profit cannot be take n from an orange. † All of these horrible things lead up to the la SST paragraph of the chapter; the warning to the system. People are trying to fish for potatoes that have just been dumped in the river, but the guards hold them back.They are trying to grab t he dumped oranges, â€Å"but the kerosene is sprayed. † Eventually, the hungry become furious. Food the at they could be eating is being wasted simply because a profit cannot be made from it. Their anger IS growing inside of them like the â€Å"grapes of wrath,† growing ripe for the harvest. The book title itself is used in this chapter. It is used to describe how people's wrath is growing like grapes, â€Å"growing heavy for the vintage. † This indicates that some wing big is going to happen: the harvest.

A Comparison of Athens and Sparta Research Paper

A Comparison of Athens and Sparta - Research Paper Example It was at this time that Athens emerged as the most powerful of the city states. The city emerged as the cultural capital of the entire Greek world and it was the cradle of contemporary western science and philosophy. The Athenian empire reached its zenith during Pericles’s life time. The city was full of splendor and Athenians themselves believed it to be the ‘City of God’. On the other hand, Sparta represented to a totally different world. It had its own philosophy about administration, military, education and marriage. It also differed from Athens on ideas about the nature of relationship with other Greek empires. Although Sparta was a strong military state, it was content to remain in its territory and didn’t indulge in warfare for acquisitions of new territories. On the other hand, Athens had expansionist policies. It wanted to get hold of more and more Greek territories. This expansionist policy of Athens, proposed by Pericles, led to war between the two states which ended with the defeat of Athens. Athens suffered defeat at the hands of Sparta. Although Athenians were world renowned for their superior naval units, they succumbed to the Spartan military expertise. The reason for Spartan victory can be attributed to the upbringing and training of the Spartan soldiers. This demands an in-depth investigation into the similarities and dissimilarities of the two states. The Spartans differed from Athenians in many ways. The main points around which the commonalties or differences between the two states can be discussed are Economy, Art, Lifestyle, Women, Military and Sexuality. The economic or financial policies of a nation or state depend on the nature of politics prevalent in the country. Athens and Sparta were similar on this feature because both the state’s governments were elected by people. While the Athenian government pioneered the democratic system, Sparta was a military aristocracy (McNesse, 31). In Athens, participa tion came from all walks of life. Although there were restrictions on women, men were free to discuss new ideas in the assembly. On the other hand, Sparta had much more inflexible political framework. Its own ideologies and policies made Sparta politically and economically less active. Out of the two, Athens was more economically active. It was at the centre of a great trading network that dealt with goods from as far the Britain in the west to India in the east, bringing untold wealth into the city. This trade and Athens’s expansionist ambitions led to the building of Athenian naval empire which stretched across the Aegean Sea. Agriculture was the mainstay of Athenian economy. It also prospered because of the profits brought by mining and metal crafts. As said earlier, trade also played an important part in Athens’ economy. This is a feature where there lie stark differences between the two empires. In Sparta, economic activities were carried outside the city while th ere was no such thing with Athens. Sparta also lacked a currency system, a system which was very well developed in Athens. This meant that Sparta not only had very less interaction with the outside world, it also lay dormant as far as trade was concerned. Art is a dimension where the two empires Athens and Sparta differed a lot. During the period of coexistence of Sparta and Athens, Athens produced some of the greatest sculptors and philosophers of all time. Socrates, Phidias and Plato were philosophers who still represent the immortal soul of Greek and art and Philosophy. On the other hand, Sparta was only concerned with its military glory. Although early Sparta produces marvelous pottery, it was no match to Athenian art and mathematics.